Cells & Tissue MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Cells & Tissue - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is cells.Key Points

• Cells are the basic structural units of all living organisms.
• Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms and are responsible for carrying out essential functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction.​

Additional Information

• Genes are segments of DNA that carry genetic information and are responsible for inherited traits.
• Centrioles are organelles involved in cell division and are found in animal cells. 
• Buds are small outgrowths on plants that develop into leaves, flowers, or shoots.

The correct answer is - Cellulose

Key Points

• Biodegradable polymer
  • A polymer that can be decomposed by microorganisms (like bacteria or fungi) into simpler, harmless components such as water, carbon dioxide, and biomass.
  • Cellulose is a natural polymer found in plants. It is composed of repeating units of glucose and is easily broken down by microorganisms.
  • Examples of other biodegradable polymers include starch and polylactic acid (PLA).
• Non-biodegradable polymers
  • Polythene, Nylon-6, and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) are synthetic polymers that do not degrade easily and persist in the environment for long periods.
  • These polymers contribute significantly to plastic pollution and require special recycling or disposal methods.

Additional Information

• Types of Polymers
  • Natural polymers
    • Examples: Cellulose, Starch, and Proteins.
    • Derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms.
  • Synthetic polymers
    • Examples: Polythene, Nylon, and PVC.
    • Produced artificially through chemical synthesis.
• Environmental Impact
  • Biodegradable polymers reduce environmental pollution as they decompose naturally.
  • Non-biodegradable polymers lead to long-term pollution, contributing to issues like landfill overflow and marine debris.
• Applications of Biodegradable Polymers
  • Used in packaging materials, medical implants, and agricultural films.
  • Examples include bioplastics like polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).

The correct answer is Both statements are wrong.

Explanation:

• Autogamy is the closest form of inbreeding and leads to homozygosity.
• Allogamy is the common form of outbreeding and leads to heterozygosity.
• Autogamy is also called as Self pollination.
• Allogamy is also known as Cross pollination.

Additional Information

• Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of same flower is known as Autogamy.
• Autogamy species develop homozygous balance and do not exhibit significant inbreeding depression
• Bisexuality, Homogamy, Cleistogamy, Chasmogamy and Position of Anthers are different mechanisms promoting Self pollination.
• Transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant is called Allogamy.
• Allogamy species develop heterozygous balance and exhibit significant inbreeding depression on selfing.
• Dicliny, Dichogamy, Heterostyly, Herkogamy, Self incompatibility, and Male sterility are different mechanisms promoting Cross pollination.

Concept:

• The cell is the basic unit of life. 
• Cells grow and multiply to form a diversity of life forms, this process of growth and multiplication of cells is called cell division.
• Cell division is of three types:
  • Mitosis - Equational division.
  • Meiosis - Reductional division, occurs in sex cells.
  • Amitosis - Direct type of division, that occurs in prokaryotes.

Explanation:

• Meiosis can be further divided into two stages - Meiosis I and Meiosis II
  • Prophase I of Meiosis I has 5 sub-stages.
  • Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis.
  • The Pachytene stage is characterized by the occurrence of crossing over.
  • Non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes exchange their genetic parts. 

• Meiosis is the process during which the chromosome number is reduced.
• The cells that are formed contain only one member of each pair of the homologous chromosomes.
• It is occurs in the germ cells during the process of gametogenesis.​

Important Points

Leptotene:

• In this stage, the nucleus increases in size.
• The chromosomes show follicle like thickness.

Zygotene:

• During this stage, an important phenomenon of meiosis occurs.
• The homologous chromosome pairing happens in this stage.
• This process called synapsis.

Pachytene:

• In this stage of prophase-I, the pairing of chromosomes is completed.
• The chromosomes then contract longitudinally.

Diplotene:

• In this stage, homologous chromosomes move apart.
• They are seen attached to one at another specific point, termed chiasmata.

Diakinesis:

• In this stage chromosomes again contract.
• The nucleus is evenly distributed.

Thus, the correct sequential arrangement of Meiosis-I Prophase-I stage is Leptotene → Zygotene → Pachytene → Diplotene → Diakinesis.

The correct answer is cells.Key Points

• Cells are the basic structural units of all living organisms.
• Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms and are responsible for carrying out essential functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction.​

Additional Information

• Genes are segments of DNA that carry genetic information and are responsible for inherited traits.
• Centrioles are organelles involved in cell division and are found in animal cells. 
• Buds are small outgrowths on plants that develop into leaves, flowers, or shoots.

Concept:

• The cell is the basic unit of life. 
• Cells grow and multiply to form a diversity of life forms, this process of growth and multiplication of cells is called cell division.
• Cell division is of three types:
  • Mitosis - Equational division.
  • Meiosis - Reductional division, occurs in sex cells.
  • Amitosis - Direct type of division, that occurs in prokaryotes.

Explanation:

• Meiosis can be further divided into two stages - Meiosis I and Meiosis II
  • Prophase I of Meiosis I has 5 sub-stages.
  • Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis.
  • The Pachytene stage is characterized by the occurrence of crossing over.
  • Non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes exchange their genetic parts. 

• Meiosis is the process during which the chromosome number is reduced.
• The cells that are formed contain only one member of each pair of the homologous chromosomes.
• It is occurs in the germ cells during the process of gametogenesis.​

Important Points

Leptotene:

• In this stage, the nucleus increases in size.
• The chromosomes show follicle like thickness.

Zygotene:

• During this stage, an important phenomenon of meiosis occurs.
• The homologous chromosome pairing happens in this stage.
• This process called synapsis.

Pachytene:

• In this stage of prophase-I, the pairing of chromosomes is completed.
• The chromosomes then contract longitudinally.

Diplotene:

• In this stage, homologous chromosomes move apart.
• They are seen attached to one at another specific point, termed chiasmata.

Diakinesis:

• In this stage chromosomes again contract.
• The nucleus is evenly distributed.

Thus, the correct sequential arrangement of Meiosis-I Prophase-I stage is Leptotene → Zygotene → Pachytene → Diplotene → Diakinesis.

The correct answer is cells.Key Points

• Cells are the basic structural units of all living organisms.
• Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms and are responsible for carrying out essential functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction.​

Additional Information

• Genes are segments of DNA that carry genetic information and are responsible for inherited traits.
• Centrioles are organelles involved in cell division and are found in animal cells. 
• Buds are small outgrowths on plants that develop into leaves, flowers, or shoots.

The correct answer is Both statements are wrong.

Explanation:

• Autogamy is the closest form of inbreeding and leads to homozygosity.
• Allogamy is the common form of outbreeding and leads to heterozygosity.
• Autogamy is also called as Self pollination.
• Allogamy is also known as Cross pollination.

Additional Information

• Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of same flower is known as Autogamy.
• Autogamy species develop homozygous balance and do not exhibit significant inbreeding depression
• Bisexuality, Homogamy, Cleistogamy, Chasmogamy and Position of Anthers are different mechanisms promoting Self pollination.
• Transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant is called Allogamy.
• Allogamy species develop heterozygous balance and exhibit significant inbreeding depression on selfing.
• Dicliny, Dichogamy, Heterostyly, Herkogamy, Self incompatibility, and Male sterility are different mechanisms promoting Cross pollination.

Concept:

• The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
• Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell.

Explanation:

• Inside each cell is a dense membrane-bound structure called the nucleus.
• This nucleus contains the chromosomes which in turn contain the genetic material, DNA.
• Robert Brown discovered the nucleus.

∴ "The nucleus is an integral part of the cell". This was stated by Robert Brown.

Concept:

• The cell is the basic unit of life. 
• Cells grow and multiply to form a diversity of life forms, this process of growth and multiplication of cells is called cell division.
• Cell division is of three types:
  • Mitosis - Equational division.
  • Meiosis - Reductional division, occurs in sex cells.
  • Amitosis - Direct type of division, that occurs in prokaryotes.

Explanation:

• Meiosis can be further divided into two stages - Meiosis I and Meiosis II
  • Prophase I of Meiosis I has 5 sub-stages.
  • Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis.
  • The Pachytene stage is characterized by the occurrence of crossing over.
  • Non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes exchange their genetic parts. 

• Meiosis is the process during which the chromosome number is reduced.
• The cells that are formed contain only one member of each pair of the homologous chromosomes.
• It is occurs in the germ cells during the process of gametogenesis.​

Important Points

Leptotene:

• In this stage, the nucleus increases in size.
• The chromosomes show follicle like thickness.

Zygotene:

• During this stage, an important phenomenon of meiosis occurs.
• The homologous chromosome pairing happens in this stage.
• This process called synapsis.

Pachytene:

• In this stage of prophase-I, the pairing of chromosomes is completed.
• The chromosomes then contract longitudinally.

Diplotene:

• In this stage, homologous chromosomes move apart.
• They are seen attached to one at another specific point, termed chiasmata.

Diakinesis:

• In this stage chromosomes again contract.
• The nucleus is evenly distributed.

Thus, the correct sequential arrangement of Meiosis-I Prophase-I stage is Leptotene → Zygotene → Pachytene → Diplotene → Diakinesis.