Freedom to Partition (1939-1947) MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Freedom to Partition (1939-1947) - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Ballia.

Key Points

• Parallel government during Quit India Movement.
  • The prominent parallel governments were formed in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bengal, and Maharashtra.
  • Patri Sarkar was the parallel government formed in the city of Maharashtra.
  • When a person or a group of people forms another government in the presence of the main government, it is known as Parallel government.
  • In 1942, the Quit India movement became the ultimate landmark in India's match towards freedom.
  • The Quit India movement was primarily a campaign or a strategy to force the British government through discussion to execute the Independence of India.
  • During the Quit India Movement, mass agitation and violent actions took place in different parts of the country.
  • These groups tried to control different towns, cities, and villages, while few of the factions were able to establish independent governments.
  • These were the parallel governments. Some of these governments were not able to survive for long but they had the abilities and skill to manage the state and government on their own.
  • Four crucial parallel governments were made in Ballia in Uttar Pradesh, Tamluk or Midnapur in Bengal, Satara in Maharashtra, and Talcher in Orissa.
  • The Parallel government in Satara, in the state of Maharashtra, was known as Patri Sarkar was the most prominent among all as it continued for three years.
  • The Patri Sarkar, the local independent government in Satara district had a judicial branch made up of people's court.
  • Through consensus, decisions were made. To protect the government from the attack of the British forces, a group of young men was formed. 

The correct answer is  1945.

The Indian National Army trials, also called as the Red Fort trials were conducted between November 1945 and May 1946 against the soldiers of the Indian National Army on the charges of treason, torture, murder and abetment to murder during World War II.

• The trials were held at the Red Fort, Delhi.
• Colonel Prem Sahgal, Colonel Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon, and Major General Shah Nawaz Khan were the first ones to be tried.
• All the accused had fought alongside the Japanese Army against the British Empire.
• Bhulabhai Desai, Asaf Ali, Jawaharlal Nehru, Tej Bahadur Sapru and Kailash Nath Katju were the defendants for the accused.
• Sir Naushirwan P. Engineer was appointed the counsel for Prosecution.
• There were two trials, in the first one Shah Nawaz Khan, Gurubaksh Singh Dhillon and Prem Sahgal were tried and in the other Abdul Rashid, Shinghara Singh, Fateh Khan and Captain Munawar Khan. 
• The trials led to a surge in patriotic fervour, with mass protests breaking out in the country.
• It led to the famous Royal Navy Mutiny in Mumbai  in 1946.

The correct answer is March 1946.

Key Points

• Cabinet Mission (1946): 
  • ​The Cabinet Mission came to India in 1946.
  • It was launched by the British Government in March 1946 to discuss plans for the transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership.
  • The members of the mission were:
    • Lord Patrick-Lawrence: The Secretary of State for India.
    • Sir Stafford Cripps: President of the Board of Trade
    • A.V. Alexander: First Lord of the Admiralty.
  • On 22nd January 1946, the decision to send Cabinet Mission was taken and on 19th February 1946, the British PM C.R Attlee Government announced in the House of Lords about the mission and the plan to quit India.
  • The mission made its own proposals, after inconclusive dialogue with the Indian leadership, seeing that the Congress opposed Jinnah's demand for a Pakistan comprising six full provinces.
  • The mission proposed a complicated system for India with three tiers: the provinces, provincial groupings and the centre.
  • The centre's power was to be confined to foreign affairs, defence, currency and communications.
  • The provinces would keep all the other powers and be allowed to establish three groups.

The correct answer is Champaran Satyagraha.

Key Points

Champaran Satyagraha:

• It was India’s first Civil Disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1917.
• Mahatma Gandhiji was persuaded by Pandit Raj Kumar Shukla to visit the region and take action against the oppressed Indigo cultivator.
• Landless tenants, indentured labourers, and poor farmers were forced to grow indigo and other cash crops instead of food crops.
• They were forced to grow indigo and sell it at a low price.
• Gandhiji adopted non-violent Satyagraha as a mass movement to oppose such coercive acts against farmers.
• The English District Magistrate ordered Gandhiji to leave the district by imposing Section 144 of the Criminal Penal Code. 
• Gandhiji defied that order and pleaded guilty. He was ready to face consequences.
• The government agreed to abolish the exploitative tinkathia system and peasants also received a part of the money extracted from them as compensation.
• This movement made Gandhiji a nationwide leader and non-violent Satyagraha was adopted as a method of protest.

Additional Information

Ahmedabad Mill Worker Strike:

• The industrial dispute between the owners and workers of a cotton mill in Ahmedabad lead to a strike demanding a hike in wages.
• The owners wanted to withdraw the bonus to the workers while the workers were demanding a hike of 35% in their wages.
• Gandhiji underwent a hunger strike.
• The Ahmedabad Mill strike was successful and the workers were granted a wage hike.

Bardoli Satyagraha:

• The Bardoli Taluk was hit by floods and famines in 1925 affecting crop yield.
• The Bombay Presidency increased the tax rates by 22% despite poor harvest.
• Farmers in Bardoli invited Vallabhai Patel to launch the protest movement and Gandhiji also supported this movement.

The correct answer is 8 August 1942.

• Quit India Movement started on 8 August 1942 from Gowalia Tank Maidan, also known as August Kranti Maidan in Mumbai.
  • At the August Kranti Maidan, Mahatma Gandhi delivered his famous "do or die" speech, which marked the beginning of the Quit India Movement.

Important Points

• Aruna Asaf Ali, popularly known as the 'Grand Old Lady' of the independence movement, is known for hoisting the Indian flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement.
• The slogan 'Quit India' was coined by Yusuf Meherli, a socialist and trade unionist who also served as the Mayor of Mumbai.
• Meherali also coined the slogan "Simon go back".

Additional Information

• List of some of the Indian National Movements:
  • Indian National Congress Founded - 28 December 1885 
  • Swadeshi and Boycott Resolution - 1905
  • Muslim League Founded - 1906
  • Gadhar Movement -1913
  • Home Rule Movement - April 1916
  • Champaran Satyagraha - 1917
  • Kheda Satyagraha - 1918
  • Ahmedabad Mill Strike - 1918
  • Rowlatt Act Satyagraha - February 1919
  • Non-Cooperation Movement - 1920
  • Civil Disobedience movement - 1930

The correct answer is Bombay.

Important Points

All India Congress Committee (AICC) meeting to ratify the Quit India resolution was held at the Bombay session.

• It was passed by Mahatma Gandhi on 8^th August 1942.
• Mahatma Gandhi issued the Quit India speech at the Gowalia tank maidan in Mumbai.
• The All India congress committee is the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress.
• The All India congress committee launched a mass protest demanding the withdrawal of British rule from India in 1942. 
• The immediate cause of the Quit India movement was the failure of the Cripps mission.
• The draft of the Quit India resolution was prepared by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Aruna Asaf Ali is known as the heroine of the Quit India movement.
• Do or Die is the famous slogan associated with the Quit India movement.

The correct answer is Singapore.

Key Points

• On 21 October 1943, Netaji Bose announced the formation of the Provisional Government of Azad Hind (Free India), with himself as the Head of State, Prime Minister and Minister of War.
• With the formation of the Provisional Government of Azad Hind, mobilisation of the Indian communities for armed struggle was stepped up.
• Many Indian civilians from Malaya, Thailand and Burma responded enthusiastically. 
• Many Indians contributed money and gold generously to the INA Fund. The gold came mostly from women who readily gave up their jewellery while wealthy Indian families donated large sums of money after attending Bose’s rallies and meetings. Other forms of contributions included clothing, foodstuffs and other supplies that the INA could use.
• By April 1944, the Azad Hind Bank was established in Rangoon to manage the overwhelming donations from the Indian communities.
• The motto of the Azad Hind was Unity, Faith and Sacrifice.

• The famous Quit India Movement is also known as the 'August Movement'. It was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942 at Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay.
• Gandhi Jee raised the slogan ‘do or die’ in his Quit India speech.
• Most of the prominent Congress leaders were imprisoned in the initial days of Quit India Movement.

The correct answer is Yusuf Meher Ali.

Key Points

• The iconic 'Quit India' slogan was coined by socialist Congress leader and lesser-known hero of the Indian National movement Yusuf Meher Ali in 1942.
• He was the founder of National Militia, Bombay youth League, and the Congress Socialist Party.
• In 1928, he came up with the catchphrase "Simon Go Back" in protest against the all-British Simon Commission Appointed by the imperial government to recommend improvements to British governance in India,
• He was a participant of the underground movement and was in forefront of the Quit India Movement.
• Meherally was responsible for mobilizing his socialist colleagues- including Rammanohar Lohia, Aruna Asaf Ali, and Achyut Patwardhan, and ensuring they took the quit India Movement forward while hiding underground after the arrest of the Congress leaders.

Additional Information

• Famous Slogans By India Freedom fighters in India:-

The correct answer is Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.

Key Points

• There were three main speakers at the Central Hall of Parliament.
• Jawaharlal Nehru, Chaudhary Khaliquzaman, and Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.
• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the third notable speaker at the official event.

Additional Information

• Jawahar Lal Nehru delivered his famous 'Tryst With Destiny' speech in Parliament. 
• On August 15, 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru was sworn in as PM of independent India.
• Vande Mataram was sung as the National Song.

The correct answer is Subhas Chandra Bose.

• Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Forward Bloc in 1939.

Key Points

• Subhash Chandra Bose
  • He founded the Independence for India League with Jawaharlal Nehru. 
  • He was elected as the President of INC at its Haripura Session (1938) and Tripuri Session (1939) but resigned from Tripuri due to differences with Gandhiji.
  • He founded the Forward Bloc (1939) at Calcutta.
  • He took the charge of Indian Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in 1943 in Singapore and set up an Indian Provisional government there.
  • He addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation.
  • He gave the famous slogans–Dilli Chalo and Jai Hind.
  • The Indian Pilgrimage was his autobiography.

The correct answer is 1943.Key Points

• Bengal famine of 1943
  • The famine of Bengal that occurred in the year 1943 was the most devastating famine in India that killed thirty lakh people in the province of Bengal.
  • The main reason for the Bengal famine was the shortage of rice and the extreme hike in its price level, while some economists advocate that the famine was the result of the failure of the British government policies.
• Meaning of famine
  • A famine is characterized by widespread deaths due to starvation and epidemics caused as a result of forced use of contaminated water or decaying food and loss of body resistance due to weakening from starvation and malnutrition.
  • Due to the occurrence of a natural calamity, the total production of food grains decreases which creates a shortage of food and results in a hike in price levels.
  • At high prices, people fail to afford sufficient food, if this situation exists for longer time periods, it may cause a situation of starvation.
  • Widespread starvation takes the form of famine.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Singapore.

The Indian National Army was formed in Singapore by Mohan Singh in 1942.

• It was formed by Indian soldiers in the British Army who were captured by the Japanese Army during the Malayan campaign and at Singapore.
• It however was disbanded due to differences between Singh and the Japanese over the intended size and the specific role of the INA.
• In 1943, Subhashchandra Bose led the organization.
• It fought alongside the Japanese Army in Burma(Myanmmar), Imphal and Kohima.
• Many of them were captured by the British Army and were put on trial. This is called as the famous Red Fort Trials of 1945.
• The trial inspired the Royal Indian Navy mutiny of 1946.
• 'Ittehad, Itmad aur Qurbani'(Unity, Faith and Sacrifice in Urdu) was its motto.

The correct answer is Vinoba Bhave.

• The centerpiece of Individual Satyagraha was Non-violence.
• The first Satyagrahi selected for this Satyagraha was Vinoba Bhave who was sent to jail when he spoke against the war.
• He was followed nearly by 25,000 individual satyagrahis.
• The demand of the Satyagrahi was to use freedom of speech against the war through an anti-war declaration.
• In December 1940, Gandhi suspended the movement and the campaign started again in January 1941.

Key Points

• Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and Brahma Dutt were the second and third the selected Satyagarhi respectively
• The campaign started again and this time thousands of people joined and around 20,000 people were arrested in January 1941.
• Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and Brahma Dutt were also sent to jail for violating the Defence of India Act.

​Additional Information

Some important Life Facts of Vinoba Bhave -

• He started the Sarvodaya Movement which meant ‘Progress for all’.
• In 1951, Bhave started the Bhoodan Movement in Pochampally, Telangana.
• He was awarded the Roman Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership in 1958.
• In 1983, he received the Bharat Ratna posthumously.

The correct answer is Quit India Movement.

Key Points

Quit India Movement (1942):

• On 8th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi called to end British rule and launched the Quit India Movement at the session of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai.
• This movement is also known as the India August Movement or August Kranti.
• Gandhiji gave the call “Do or Die” in his speech delivered at the Gowalia Tank Maidan, now popularly known as August Kranti Maidan.
• Aruna Asaf Ali popularly known as the 'Grand Old Lady' of the Independence Movement is known for hoisting the Indian flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement.
• The slogan ‘Quit India’ was coined by Yusuf Meherally, a socialist and trade unionist who also served as Mayor of Mumbai.
• The Quit India Resolution was passed by the Congress Working Committee on 8 August 1942 in Bombay. Gandhi was named the movement’s leader.
• The resolution stated the provisions of the movement as:
  • An immediate end to British rule over India.
  • Declaration of the commitment of free India to defend itself against all kinds of imperialism and fascism.
  • Formation of a provisional government of India after British withdrawal.
  • Sanctioning a civil disobedience movement against British rule.