Identify the chemical formula of ammonium hydroxide.

The correct answer is NH₄OH.

Key Points

• The chemical formula for ammonium hydroxide is NH₄OH.
• Ammonium hydroxide is a colourless liquid with a strong, pungent odour.
• It is made by dissolving ammonia gas in water, and the resulting solution contains around 30-35% ammonia by weight.
• Uses:
  • Ammonium hydroxide is commonly used as a cleaning agent in household and industrial applications.
  • It is an effective degreaser and can help remove stains and dirt from surfaces.
  • Ammonium hydroxide is also used in the manufacturing of various products, such as fertilizers, plastics, textiles, and pharmaceuticals.
  • It is used in the food industry as a leavening agent and pH regulator.
  • It is sometimes used to adjust the acidity of foods, such as baked goods and cheeses, and to prevent the browning of certain fruits and vegetables.
  • While ammonium hydroxide is generally considered safe for its intended uses, it can be hazardous if mishandled or used improperly.
  • The fumes can be irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat, and prolonged exposure can cause respiratory problems.

Additional Information

• Important elements and their day-to-day uses:
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) - Also known as table salt, sodium chloride is commonly used as a seasoning for food.
  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) - Calcium carbonate is used in a variety of products, including toothpaste, antacids, and baking powder.
  • Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) - Also known as baking soda, sodium bicarbonate is used as a leavening agent in baking, as well as for cleaning and deodorizing.
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) - Hydrogen peroxide is used as a disinfectant and for bleaching and whitening various materials, such as hair and teeth.
  • Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) - Ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer in agriculture and as an ingredient in explosives.
  • Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) - Ethanol is used as a fuel, a solvent, and as an ingredient in alcoholic beverages.
  • Acetic acid (CH3COOH) - Acetic acid is used as a food preservative, as well as in the production of vinegar and other chemicals.
  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) - Sodium hypochlorite is used as a disinfectant and for bleaching various materials, such as textiles and paper products.
  • Citric acid (C₆H₈O₇) - Citric acid is used as a food preservative and flavouring agent, as well as in cleaning products and pharmaceuticals.
  • Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) - Also known as washing soda, sodium carbonate is used as a cleaning agent and water softener, as well as in the production of glass and other chemicals.