In what form is the energy derived from the food that we eat is stored in our body?

This question was previously asked in
SSC CGL 2022 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On : 01 Dec 2022 Shift 3)
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  1. Maltose
  2. Glucose
  3. Glycogen
  4. Starch

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Glycogen
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Glycogen

Key Points

  • Glycogenesis:
    • The Biochemical process in which Glucose is converted into Glycogen in the liver is known as Glycogenesis.
    • The cell must have an excess of glucose for starting this process. Glucose is the starting molecule and is converted through the process of glycogenesis.
    • When the body does have readily available glucose, the body creates glycogen through the process of glycogenesis.
    • This process is activated during rest periods in the liver and also activated by insulin in response to high levels of glucose.
    • When the body gets an excess meal and the blood glucose levels are high, the pancreas releases insulin hormone to store glucose.
    • The fat in the human body is stored for long time energy but glycogen is not the same as fat.
    • When the blood glucose concentration has dropped, glycogen stores are often taken from meals. 

Important Points

  • Glycogenolysis:
    • Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of the molecule glycogen into glucose.
    • Glycogenolysis occurs in muscle and liver cells when more energy needs to be produced. 
  • Gluconeogenesis:
    •  Gluconeogenesis fulfil the needs for plasma glucose between meals.
    • Gluconeogenesis takes place in the liver and kidneys. Gluconeogenic substrates include glycerol, lactate, propionate, and certain amino acids. 
  • Glycolysis:
    • Glycolysis is the metabolic process that breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid to produce energy.
    • This process occurs in the cytosol of the cell cytoplasm. Glycolysis is an oxygen-independent metabolic pathway. 
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