Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :

     List I
(a) S. N. Sen
(b) M. G. Ranade
(c) R. Orme
(d) Alexander Dow
    List II
(1) History of Indostan
(2) Historical Fragments of the Mogol Empire
(3) Foreign Biographies of Shivaji
(4) Rise of the Maratha Power
Codes :(1) (2) (3) (4)

The correct answer is - (1)(d); (2)(c); (3)(a); (4)(b)

Key Points

• Alexander Dow - History of Indostan
  • Alexander Dow, an English historian, wrote the "History of Indostan", which covered the history of India during the Mughal period.
  • This work is significant for its focus on the political and cultural dynamics of India under the Mughals.
• R. Orme - Historical Fragments of the Mogol Empire
  • R. Orme authored "Historical Fragments of the Mogol Empire", which provides insights into the decline of the Mughal Empire in India.
  • The book highlights the administrative challenges and military conflicts during the later Mughal period.
• S. N. Sen - Foreign Biographies of Shivaji
  • S. N. Sen contributed to the study of Shivaji's life by analyzing foreign biographies that documented Shivaji's achievements.
  • His work provides a critical perspective on Shivaji's role in resisting Mughal domination and establishing the Maratha state.
• M. G. Ranade - Rise of the Maratha Power
  • M. G. Ranade, a notable Indian historian and social reformer, wrote "Rise of the Maratha Power".
  • This book examines the factors contributing to the emergence of the Maratha Empire as a dominant force in India.

Additional Information

• About Shivaji
  • Shivaji Maharaj is considered the founder of the Maratha Empire in the 17th century.
  • He was known for his innovative military tactics, including guerrilla warfare, and his administrative reforms.
  • Shivaji's resistance against the Mughal Empire laid the foundation for the rise of Maratha power.
• Maratha Empire
  • The Maratha Empire was a prominent Indian power that existed from the late 17th century to the early 19th century.
  • It played a crucial role in weakening Mughal control over India and became a significant force in Indian politics.
  • The empire reached its zenith under leaders like Peshwa Baji Rao I.
• Mughal Decline
  • The decline of the Mughal Empire began in the early 18th century due to internal conflicts, weak rulers, and external invasions.
  • Important factors contributing to the decline include the rise of regional powers like the Marathas, Sikhs, and Jats.
  • European colonial powers, such as the British and French, further exploited the weakening Mughal control to establish dominance in India.