The conditions required for maximum discharge through a triangular channel having a depth of flow y are: 

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DDA JE Civil 29 Mar 2023 Shift 3 Official Paper
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  1. each sloping side makes an angle of 30° with the vertical and hydraulic mean radius = 
  2. each sloping side makes an angle of 60° with the vertical and hydraulic mean radius = 
  3. each sloping side makes an angle of 45° with the vertical and hydraulic mean radius = 
  4. each sloping side makes an angle of 60° with the vertical and hydraulic mean radius = 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : each sloping side makes an angle of 45° with the vertical and hydraulic mean radius = 
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Detailed Solution

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Concept:

Most efficient channel: A channel is said to be efficient if it carries the maximum discharge for the given cross-section which is achieved when the wetted perimeter is kept a minimum.

a) For a triangular channel,

 The channel with a side slope of 1:1 is the most efficient channel.

Area of triangle A = 1/2 × y × 2 y

Wetted Perimeter P = 2 √2y 

The hydraulic radius for the given section is the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the wetted perimeter of the section. 

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