The equivalent length for a column fixed at both ends is:

This question was previously asked in
MPPGCL JE ME 19 March 2019 Official Paper
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  1. l
  2. 2l
  3. not option

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 :
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Detailed Solution

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Explanation:

Various column conditions and their respective effective length are tabulated below:

Condition (distance between supports is L)

Effective length

Both ends Hinged (pinned)

L

One end hinged, another fixed

L/√2

Both ends fixed

L/2

One end is fixed and another end is free

2L

Additional Information 
Buckling load:

Buckling load is the load at which column buckle is termed as Buckling load.

Buckling load is given by:

where

E = Young’s modulus of elasticity

Imin = Minimum moment of inertia

Le = Effective length

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