Which of the following is NOT toxic to non-target organisms in the soil?

The correct answer is Organic fertilisers.

Key Points

• Organic fertilisers are derived from natural sources, such as compost, manure, and plant residues, making them environmentally friendly.
• These fertilisers improve soil fertility by enhancing microbial activity and nutrient content without harming non-target organisms.
• Organic fertilisers do not contain synthetic chemicals, ensuring safety for soil organisms, plants, and the surrounding ecosystem.
• They promote sustainable agriculture by enhancing soil structure and reducing dependency on chemical inputs.
• Unlike herbicides, fungicides, and pesticides, organic fertilisers pose no toxicity risks to beneficial organisms in the soil, such as earthworms and microbes.

Additional Information

• Herbicides: These are chemicals used to kill or control unwanted plants (weeds). They can adversely affect non-target plants and soil organisms.
• Fungicides: Used to control fungal pathogens, these chemicals can harm beneficial fungi and microbes in the soil.
• Pesticides: These include a wide range of chemicals designed to kill pests but can also affect beneficial insects, soil organisms, and aquatic life through runoff.
• Soil Microorganisms: Beneficial microbes in the soil are essential for nutrient cycling, decomposition, and plant health. Synthetic chemicals can disrupt their populations.
• Sustainable Agriculture: Practices like using organic fertilisers and crop rotation aim to preserve soil health, biodiversity, and ecological balance, ensuring long-term productivity.