Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes ?

The correct answer is Terrace cultivation.

Key Points

• Terrace cultivation involves carving flat areas out of a hilly or mountainous landscape to create step-like structures, which help reduce soil erosion by slowing down water runoff.
• This method is particularly effective on steep slopes where the erosion potential is high, as it helps in retaining soil and water.
• Terraces reduce the velocity of water runoff, thereby minimizing the soil erosion and loss of nutrients.
• It also helps in increasing the arable land area on slopes, thus supporting agricultural activities in hilly regions.

Additional Information

• Shifting cultivation
  • An agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned.
  • It is not effective in preventing soil erosion and can lead to deforestation and soil degradation.
• Shelter belts
  • Rows of trees or shrubs planted to protect an area from wind and erosion.
  • Effective in flat and slightly undulating areas but not as effective as terrace cultivation on steep slopes.
• Mulching
  • The practice of covering the soil with organic or inorganic materials to conserve moisture and reduce erosion.
  • Useful in gardens and flat lands but less practical on steep slopes compared to terraces.
• Soil erosion
  • The process by which the topsoil is worn away by natural physical forces such as water and wind or through farming activities.
  • Soil erosion can lead to loss of soil fertility, reduced agricultural productivity, and environmental degradation.