Syllabus |
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Topics for Prelims |
Composition Of Loksabha |
Topics for Mains |
Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and State Assemblies |
The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of the Parliament of India, which is bicameral, whereas the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the president of India dissolves the body on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the New Parliament House, New Delhi.
The composition of lok sabha is a topic relevant to the UPSC CSE context under General Studies Paper II. It is a basic topic for aspirants to understand the dynamic aspect of the composition of lok sabha. The composition of lok sabha is an essential topic for UPSC Civil Services because it highlights the key features of the Panchayati Raj of India, which are frequently discussed in the exam. Join UPSC Coaching today to boost your preparation.
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The Lok Sabha is the cornerstone of India's democratic governance. The Lok Sabha, often known as the House of the People or the Popular Chamber, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament.
On the basis of universal adult suffrage, MPs are chosen by direct election to the Lok Sabha. MPs, or members of parliament, are the terms used to describe Lok Sabha members.
These representatives are chosen from different states and union territories. Every five years, elections are held for Lok Sabha seats. After the first General Elections were held from 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952, the Lok Sabha was legally formed for the first time on 17 April 1952.
Also, check the Types of Majorities In Indian Parliament here.
UPSC Previous Year Questions on Lok Sabha Q1 Consider the following statements: (UPSC CSE 2021)
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 and 3 Answer: 2 only |
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The maximum membership of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. (Initially, in 1950, it was 500.) Currently, the House has 543 seats, which are filled by the election of up to 543 elected members. Between 1952 and 2020, two additional members of the Anglo-Indian community were also nominated by the President of India on the advice of the Government of India, which was abolished in January 2020 by the One Hundred and Fourth Amendments of the Constitution of India. The new parliament has a seating capacity of 888 for Lok Sabha.
Study Important Articles of the Constitution of India here.
Motions of no confidence against the government can be introduced and passed in the Lok Sabha. If passed by a majority vote, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers resign collectively. The Rajya Sabha has no power over such a motion and hence has no real control over the executive. This is because the Constitution of India has only made the Union Council of Ministers responsible for the Lok Sabha, not for the Rajya Sabha.
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Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people of India, based on universal suffrage. Elections are by the people directly to the Lok Sabha, and each state is divided into territorial constituencies under two provisions of the Constitution:
Each state is allotted several seats in the Lok Sabha in such a manner that the ratio between that number and its population is as close to uniform as possible. This provision does not apply to states having a population of less than 6 million. The number of seats per state has been frozen under the constitutional amendment of 1976.
In the Representation of People Act, Parliament established the following additional qualifications (1951): –
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As per the Constitution of India, the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the bicameral Parliament, has a maximum membership of 552 seats, though it currently functions with 543 elected members. Historically, between 1952 and 2020, two additional members from the Anglo-Indian community were nominated. However, this provision was abolished by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act in January 2020. The Lok Sabha also reserves 131 seats (24.03%) for representatives of Scheduled Castes (84) and Scheduled Tribes (47). The quorum for the house is 10% of the total membership.
Lok Sabha candidates must meet the following qualifications:
The Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament, has a maximum strength of 552 members, with 543 seats filled by elected representatives. The President of India nominates the remaining seats. Vacancies in the Lok Sabha occur when an elected member's seat becomes empty due to death, resignation, or other reasons, and these vacancies are usually filled through by-elections.
The Constitution specifies circumstances in which MPs may be disqualified. Article 102 of the Constitution states that a person is ineligible to be elected to and serve in either House of Parliament if they –
Presiding Officers of Parliament play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth functioning of legislative bodies in parliamentary systems around the world. By upholding the integrity and dignity of parliamentary debates and procedures, presiding officers serve as guardians of democratic governance. This article aims to study in detail the Presiding Officers of Parliament, their roles & responsibilities, and their significance.
Below are some of the speaker’s powers and functions:
The distribution of Lok Sabha seats among Indian states is primarily based on population, with the ratio of seats to population being as equal as possible across all states. The total number of Lok Sabha seats is 543, with the majority (530) representing states and the remaining 13 representing union territories.
States |
Constituencies |
1. Uttar Pradesh |
80 |
2. Maharashtra |
48 |
3. West Bengal |
42 |
4. Bihar |
39 |
5. Tamil Nadu |
38 |
6. Madhya Pradesh |
29 |
7. Karnataka |
28 |
8. Gujarat |
26 |
9. Rajasthan |
25 |
10. Andhra Pradesh |
24 |
11. Odisha |
21 |
12. Kerala |
20 |
13. Telangana |
17 |
14. Assam |
14 |
15. Jharkhand |
14 |
16. Punjab |
13 |
17. Chhattisgarh |
11 |
18. Haryana |
10 |
19. Uttarakhand |
5 |
20. Himachal Pradesh |
4 |
21. Arunachal Pradesh |
2 |
22. Goa |
2 |
23. Manipur |
2 |
24. Meghalaya |
2 |
25. Tripura |
2 |
26. Mizoram |
1 |
27. Nagaland |
1 |
28. Sikkim |
1 |
29. Jammu and Kashmir |
6 |
Union Territories |
Constituencies |
1 . Delhi |
7 |
2 . Andaman and Nicobar Islands |
1 |
3. Chandigarh |
1 |
4. Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
1 |
5. Daman and Diu |
1 |
6. Lakshadweep |
1 |
7. Puducherry |
1 |
S.No. |
Name |
From |
To |
1. |
Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar |
15 May 1952 |
27 February 1956 |
2. |
M. A. Ayyangar |
8 March 1956 |
10 May 1957 |
11 May 1957 |
16 April 1962 |
||
3. |
Sardar Hukam Singh |
17 April 1962 |
16 March 1967 |
4. |
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy |
17 March 1967 |
19 July 1969 |
5. |
Gurdial Singh Dhillon |
8 August 1969 |
19 March 1971 |
22 March 1971 |
1 December 1975 |
||
6. |
Bali Ram Bhagat |
15 January 1976 |
25 March 1977 |
7. |
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy |
26 March 1977 |
13 July 1977 |
8. |
K. S. Hegde |
21 July 1977 |
21 January 1980 |
9. |
Balram Jakhar |
22 January 1980 |
15 January 1985 |
16 January 1985 |
18 December 1989 |
||
10. |
Rabi Ray |
19 December 1989 |
9 July 1991 |
11. |
Shivraj Patil |
10 July 1991 |
22 May 1996 |
12. |
P. A. Sangma |
23 May 1996 |
23 March 1998 |
12. |
G. M. C. Balayogi |
24 March 1998 |
19 October 1999 |
22 October 1999 |
3 March 2002 |
||
13. |
Manohar Joshi |
10 May 2002 |
2 June 2004 |
14. |
Somnath Chatterjee |
4 June 2004 |
30 May 2009 |
15. |
Meira Kumar |
30 May 2009 |
4 June 2014 |
16. |
Sumitra Mahajan |
6 June 2014 |
16 June 2019 |
17. |
Om Birla |
18 June, 2019 |
incumbent |
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