Governance and Public Policy in India MCQ Quiz in தமிழ் - Objective Question with Answer for Governance and Public Policy in India - இலவச PDF ஐப் பதிவிறக்கவும்
Last updated on Mar 23, 2025
Latest Governance and Public Policy in India MCQ Objective Questions
Top Governance and Public Policy in India MCQ Objective Questions
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 1:
Assertion (A): The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act requires states to establish Lokayuktas within a year.
Reason (R): Section 63 of the Act mandates the creation of Lokayuktas with uniform powers across all states.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 1 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is '(A) is true, but (R) is false.'
Key Points
- Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act:
- The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, is an anti-corruption law in India that seeks to provide for the establishment of the institution of Lokpal for the Union and Lokayuktas for States to inquire into allegations of corruption against public functionaries.
- It requires states to establish Lokayuktas within one year from the commencement of the Act.
- Section 63 of the Act:
- Section 63 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act mandates the creation of Lokayuktas by states but does not prescribe uniform powers across all states.
- The powers and functioning of Lokayuktas can vary from state to state, depending on the state legislation.
Additional Information
- Importance of Lokayuktas:
- Lokayuktas play a significant role in curbing corruption within the states by investigating allegations against public officials.
- They act as a mechanism for citizens to hold government functionaries accountable.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 2:
Which characteristic is essential for "good governance" to ensure active participation and equal opportunity for all individuals in decision-making?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 2 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 'Inclusiveness and equity'
Key Points
- Inclusiveness and equity:
- Inclusiveness and equity are foundational principles for good governance, ensuring that all individuals, regardless of their socio-economic status, gender, ethnicity, or other differences, have equal opportunities to participate in decision-making processes.
- Promoting inclusiveness means actively seeking and considering the views and needs of marginalized and disadvantaged groups in society.
- Equity ensures that resources and opportunities are distributed fairly, recognizing that different people may need different levels of support to achieve similar outcomes.
- Good governance is characterized by transparency, accountability, and participation, all of which are supported by inclusiveness and equity.
Additional Information
- Hierarchical decision-making:
- Hierarchical decision-making involves decisions being made by higher authorities in a top-down manner.
- While it can be efficient, it often lacks the input from lower levels and can lead to decisions that do not reflect the needs and perspectives of all stakeholders.
- Centralization:
- Centralization refers to the concentration of decision-making authority at a central point in the organization.
- This approach can lead to a lack of responsiveness to local needs and a reduction in the active participation of individuals at different levels.
- Financial incentives:
- Financial incentives can be a tool for motivating individuals but are not a characteristic of good governance in itself.
- Good governance focuses on broader principles such as transparency, accountability, and participation rather than merely financial motivations.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 3:
A person who is in the know of things and is willing to alert the controlling authority by disclosing the corrupt act or practice that takes place.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 3 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 'Whistle Blower'
Key Points
- Whistle Blower:
- A whistleblower is an individual who exposes any kind of information or activity that is deemed illegal, unethical, or not correct within an organization that is either private or public.
- Whistleblowers often report misconduct to authorities who can take corrective action or to the media and the public.
- They play a critical role in maintaining transparency and accountability within organizations and governments by bringing attention to illegal or corrupt practices.
Additional Information
- Lokayukta:
- The Lokayukta is an anti-corruption authority or ombudsman in the Indian states.
- It is responsible for addressing grievances against public servants and investigating allegations of corruption.
- While they play a significant role in curbing corruption, they are not the individuals who disclose the corrupt practices themselves.
- Ombudsman:
- An ombudsman is an official appointed to investigate individuals' complaints against maladministration, especially that of public authorities.
- Their primary role is to ensure that government agencies operate fairly and adhere to the law.
- They are more of a mediator and investigator rather than the one who blows the whistle on corruption.
- Central Vigilance Commissioner:
- The Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC) is the head of the Central Vigilance Commission, an apex Indian governmental body created to address governmental corruption.
- The CVC has the authority to inquire into offenses alleged to have been committed under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
- While the CVC plays a significant role in anti-corruption, it is not the individual who discloses corrupt practices but rather investigates them.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 4:
Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India has initiated measures to make the Panchayats vibrant. Arrange the following in sequential order, from earlier to later time.(Dropped Question)
(A) SVAMITVA Scheme, Property Survey
(B) Multi Bijli Yojana to install rooftop solar and provide free electricity upto 300 monthly units
(C) Revamped Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) with focus on localization of Sustainable Development Goals
(D) Release of a standard operating procedure (SOP) regarding e-gram Swaraj to bring in better transparency
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 4 Detailed Solution
Note: This question has been dropped by NTA.
The correct answer is (D), (A), (C) and (B)
Key Points
- Ministry of Panchayati Raj Initiatives:
- The Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, has implemented several measures to empower and make the Panchayats vibrant.
- These initiatives aim to improve governance, infrastructure, and sustainable development at the grassroots level.
- Release of SOP regarding e-gram Swaraj:
- This was the earliest measure taken to enhance transparency and efficiency in Panchayat operations through digital means.
- The SOP provided guidelines for the implementation of e-gram Swaraj.
- SVAMITVA Scheme, Property Survey:
- This scheme was launched to provide rural people with the right to document their residential properties.
- It aimed at creating accurate land records for rural planning and reducing property disputes.
- Revamped Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA):
- This initiative focused on the localization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
- It aimed to strengthen the Panchayati Raj system and ensure better delivery of services.
- Multi Bijli Yojana:
- This was the latest measure introduced to install rooftop solar panels and provide free electricity up to 300 units per month.
- It aimed at promoting renewable energy and reducing the energy burden on rural households.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 5:
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: It is plausible to think that autonomy involves a kind of skill that individuals must develop, exercise and maintain. This ongoing process of planning and managing is not automatic but requires efforts and resources that are secured by social and material conditions provided by the state.
Reason R: However, the commitment to individual autonomy cannot force the liberal state to provide the social and material conditions by which citizens could come to be autonomous. It must depend on the individuals to strive independently for achieving their autonomy
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 5 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is A is correct but R is not correct
Explanation:
- Assertion A makes a valid argument that exercising individual autonomy or self-determination requires certain capacities and skills. Developing this requires social conditions and public resources that a liberal state must provide to facilitate meaningful free choice for citizens.
- For example, essential healthcare, education, economic opportunities enable substantive options for people to shape their own lives. Else autonomy is merely on paper for marginalized sections deprived of basic needs fulfillment due to systemic barriers.
- However, the Reason R contends that commitment to autonomy cannot obligate a state to provide supportive conditions citing individuals' duty to independently strive. This reasoning is flawed and counters the premises of liberal political philosophy.
- A liberal state's purpose itself is creating conditions for autonomy and dignity (ideas of Amartya Sen). If autonomous skill-development requires public action to dismantle unequal social constraints, state neutrality principle cannot absolve governments from providing substantive facilities. Rather the neutrality principle demands states enable all members of society become capable of exercising autonomy through developing their knowledge capacities and options availability without discrimination.
- Therefore individual efforts alone cannot suffice if underlying discriminatory societal structures persist due to state inaction. For instance, making high quality healthcare conditional on ability to afford high premiums restricts substantive choice for economically disadvantaged groups. Removing such constraints for equitable access to develop capabilities is government’s duty as per liberal egalitarian principles.
In summary, Assertion correctly contends that actualizing autonomy in a fair, ethical manner necessitates provisioning of facilitating conditions and resources by the liberal state apparatus. But Reason incorrectly limits this obligation citing neutrality, which contradicts the foundations of liberalism.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 6:
The Ministry responsible for coordination, formulation, and implementation of citizen’s charters in India is
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 6 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions.
Key Points
- Citizen's Charter is a document which represents a systematic effort to focus on the commitment of the Organisation towards its Citizens in respects of Standard of Services, Information, Choice and Consultation, Non-discrimination and Accessibility, Grievance Redress, Courtesy and Value for Money.
- Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) in Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Government of India is given task of coordination, formulation, and implementation of citizen’s charters in India.
- It cannot be challenged in court since it lacks legal enforceability.
Additional Information
- Former British Prime Minister John Major introduced the idea of a citizen's charter in 1991. It began as a nationwide initiative to raise the standard of public services.
- In the UK, the idea was rebranded as "Services First" in 1998.
- In India, at a "Conference of Chief Ministers of various States and Union Territories" convened in New Delhi in May 1997, the idea of a citizen's charter was first approved.
- Service standards, the amount of time consumers may expect to be serviced, grievance procedures, and a clause allowing for impartial examination by consumer and citizen groups were all required to be included in the charters.
- The DARPG website lists more than 700 charters adopted by various government agencies across India.
- Objectives of Citizen’s Charters:
- Boost the standard of public services
- Ensuring transparency and right to information
- Save time for the client and the service provider
- Establish definite goals for every service level.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 7:
Which of the following are the exceptions to the rule of law in India:
A. Parliamentary privileges to the MPs
B. Existence of quasi-judicial bodies
C. Pardoning power to the President
D. Diplomatic immunities under the Vienna Convention
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 7 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 4.
Explanation:
A. Parliamentary privileges to the MPs:
Members of Parliament (MPs) are granted certain privileges and immunities to ensure the effective functioning of the legislative process. These privileges, such as freedom of speech and immunity from legal action for statements made in the course of parliamentary proceedings, are exceptions to the general rule that all individuals should be equal before the law.
B. Existence of quasi-judicial bodies:
Quasi-judicial bodies are entities that perform functions similar to those of a court but are not part of the regular judiciary. They have the authority to make decisions and resolve disputes, but their procedures and powers may differ from those of traditional courts. The existence of these bodies represents a deviation from the standard judicial process, creating exceptions to the rule of law.
C. Pardoning power to the President:
The President of India has the constitutional authority to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment to individuals convicted of certain offenses. This power serves as an exception to the rule of law by allowing for discretionary intervention in the execution of judicial decisions.
D. Diplomatic immunities under Vienna Convention:
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations grants certain immunities and privileges to diplomats and diplomatic missions. Diplomats enjoy protection from legal jurisdiction and other privileges to facilitate their diplomatic functions. These immunities are exceptions to the general principle that all individuals within a country are subject to its laws.
To sum up, these exceptions recognize the need for specific privileges, immunities, or alternative processes to ensure the smooth functioning of the government, diplomatic relations, and legislative activities. While these exceptions are important for effective governance, they do represent deviations from the strict application of the rule of law to all individuals without distinction.
Thus, the correct answer is 4 – A, B, C and D.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 8:
Consider the following statements regarding ‘gender budget’ and choose the INCORRECT statement/s from the options given below:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 8 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 3.
Explanation:
A. Gender Budgeting is purely an accounting exercise to ensure that benefits of development reach women as much as men.
This statement is incorrect.
- Gender Budgeting is not an accounting exercise but an ongoing process to ensure that benefits of development reach women as much as men.
- Gender Budgeting goes beyond traditional accounting practices. While it involves financial allocation and analysis, it is not solely about numbers. It is not merely a one-time or annual accounting task but encompasses a broader approach to integrating gender considerations into the entire budgetary process.
- It emphasizes that the purpose of this ongoing process is to ensure that the benefits of development are distributed equitably between women and men. This involves considering the specific needs and priorities of women and men in policies, programs, and resource allocation to address historical gender imbalances.
B. The Ministry of Finance is the nodal agency for gender budgeting.
This statement is also incorrect.
- The Ministry of Finance has played a crucial role in integrating and formalizing the Gender Budgeting framework into the budgetary processes of various government ministries and departments at the national level. However, the Ministry of Women and Child Development is identified as the nodal agency for women, and it has been supporting the Gender Budgeting process.
- While the Ministry of Finance takes a lead role in institutionalizing the process, the Ministry of Women and Child Development acts as the nodal agency specifically focused on women's issues. Being the nodal agency means that MWCD is responsible for coordinating and overseeing gender-related initiatives and policies across different sectors.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3 – Both A and B.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 9:
Which of the following Cabinet Committees are chaired by the Prime Minister of India:
A. Parliamentary Affairs Committee
B. Appointment Committee
C. Security Committee
D. Accommodation Committee
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 9 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 2.
Explanation:
A. Parliamentary Affairs Committee:
- Chairperson: Defence Minister.
- Role: This committee is usually responsible for coordinating and managing the government's relations with Parliament. It deals with matters related to parliamentary procedures, discussions, and other issues concerning the functioning of the government in the Parliament.
B. Appointment Committee:
- Chairperson: Prime Minister.
- Role: The Appointment Committee of the Cabinet is one of the most powerful Cabinet Committees. It is responsible for making appointments to top-level positions in the government, such as senior bureaucrats, the Chief Election Commissioner, the Comptroller and Auditor General, and other key officials. The Prime Minister is the chairperson, and the Home Minister is a member.
C. Security Committee:
- Chairperson: Prime Minister.
- Role: The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) is a crucial committee responsible for making decisions on matters related to national security and defense. It discusses and decides on defense policy, strategic issues, and responses to security threats. The Prime Minister is the chairperson, and key ministers such as the Defense Minister, External Affairs Minister, Finance Minister, and Home Minister are members.
D. Accommodation Committee:
- Chairperson: Home Minister.
- Role: The Cabinet Committee on Accommodation plays a key role in formulating policies and making decisions related to the allocation and management of government accommodations, ensuring fairness, efficiency, and compliance with established guidelines.
Therefore, the correct answer is 2 – B and C.
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 10:
The Lokpal is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a selection committee. The selection committee includes:
A. The Prime Minister
B. The Election Commissioner of India
C. The Leader of Opposition
D. The Lok Sabha speaker
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Governance and Public Policy in India Question 10 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is 3.
Explanation:
The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 is a landmark legislation in India aimed at addressing and curbing corruption at higher levels of government. The act provides for the establishment of the institution of Lokpal at the central level and Lokayuktas at the state level. The Lokpal is an independent ombudsman, while Lokayuktas serve a similar role at the state level.
The Lokpal selection committee is responsible for recommending the appointment of the Lokpal, the anti-corruption ombudsman in India. The committee is composed of the following five members:
Prime Minister of India: The head of the government represents the executive branch in the committee.
Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha: The leader of the largest party in the Lok Sabha that is not in power. This ensures representation from the main opposition party.
Chief Justice of India or a sitting Supreme Court judge nominated by the Chief Justice: Represents the judiciary and ensures the involvement of the highest judicial authority.
Speaker of the Lok Sabha: The presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, representing the lower house of the Parliament.
Eminent Jurist: This member is recommended by the above four members (Prime Minister, Leader of Opposition, Chief Justice of India, and Speaker of the Lok Sabha) and is nominated by the President of India. This individual is typically a legal expert with a distinguished record in the field of law.
The process involves collaborative decision-making among these five members, ensuring a balance of representation from the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as an independent legal expert. The aim is to create a comprehensive and fair selection process for appointing the Lokpal, who plays a crucial role in addressing and investigating corruption cases involving public officials.
The Election Commissioner of India is not typically a member of the Lokpal selection committee.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3 - A, C and D.