Given below are two statements:

Assertion A: Deductive arguments are either invalid or valid

Reason R: All deductive arguments claim that if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

The most appropriate answer is Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Important Points

Assertion A: Deductive arguments are either invalid or valid.

•  Deductive arguments are a type of logical argument that aims to provide conclusive reasoning.
• An argument can be either valid or invalid.
• A valid deductive argument is one in which the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, meaning that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.
• An invalid deductive argument is one in which the conclusion does not necessarily follow from the premises, even if the premises are true.

Reason R: All deductive arguments claim that if the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true.

•  Deductive arguments are based on the principle of logical necessity.
• The claim that if the premises of a deductive argument are true, then the conclusion must be true is a foundational characteristic of deductive reasoning.
• The validity of a deductive argument is determined by the logical connection between the premises and the conclusion.

In this case, both Assertion A and Reason R are correct, and Reason R provides the correct explanation for why Assertion A is true. Therefore, option 1) Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A is the most appropriate answer.