In a food web hyenas and vultures are

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UP TGT Biology 2016 Official Paper
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  1. Primary consumers
  2. Predators
  3. Scavengers
  4. Decomposers

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Scavengers
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Key Points

  • Food chain - is a linear sequence of flow of energy takes place between different organisms that are related to each other by the food they consume.

  • Food web - is an interconnection of different food chains in an ecosystem.

  • Both food chains and food webs outline who eats whom in an ecosystem.
  • The organisms are classified into different categories according to their feeding order.
    • Producers - synthesize food from solar energy. This covers all photosynthesizing plants and algae.
    • Primary consumers - come immediately after producers and comprise herbivores that feed on the producers directly.
    • Secondary consumers - feed on primary consumers and hence comprise of carnivores.
    • Decomposers - break down dead, decaying organisms into simpler inorganic substances. E.g. - Fungi.

Important Points

  • Scavengers - are carnivorous organisms that feed on the dead and decaying flesh of an animal.
  • They differ from other carnivores because they do not hunt.
  • Examples - Vultures, Hyenas, Jackals, Crows.

Additional Information

  • There are two main types of food chains:
    • Grazing - These food chains start with the producers and are the major system of energy flow in aquatic ecosystems.
    • Detritus - The starting point is dead organic matter from other food chains and is the major energy flow system in terrestrial ecosystems.
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