The maximum velocity up to which fluid motion is streamline is known as ___________ velocity.

CONCEPT:

• Critical velocity: It is the maximum velocity up to which fluid motion is streamlined. If the velocity of the fluid is low than critical velocity it acts like a streamline flow otherwise it will act as turbulent flow.
  • If the velocity of flow is less than critical velocity, the rate of flow of fluid depends basically on the viscosity of the fluid.
  • If the velocity of flow is more than critical velocity, the rate of the flow depends on the density and not on the viscosity.

EXPLANATION:

• From the above discussion, the maximum velocity up to which fluid motion is streamline is known as critical velocity. The correct answer is option 2.

• Streamline flow: If a fluid flowing in such a way that velocity of all the fluid particles reaching a particular point is the same at all time then it is a streamline flow.
• Turbulent flow: If a fluid flowing in such a way that velocity of all the fluid particles reaching a particular point is different at all times then it is a turbulent flow.
• Bernoulli's Theorem:  In the case of streamline flow of incompressible and non-viscous fluid or we can say the Ideal fluid through a tube, the total energy per unit volume of the fluid is the same at all points.
  • Total energy means the sum of pressure energy, potential energy, kinetic energy.
• A device used to measure the rate of flow of fluid is known as Venturimeter.
  • This device works on Bernoulli's theorem.