Which of the following was launched to support farmers and enhance agricultural productivity in 2000? 

The correct answer is National Agriculture Policy.

Key Points

• National Agriculture Policy was launched by the Government of India in 2000 to address challenges in agriculture and promote sustainable growth.
• The policy emphasized enhancing agricultural productivity, profitability, and ensuring food security in the country.
• It focused on promoting diversification in agriculture, improving rural infrastructure, and encouraging private sector investment in farming.
• A key component of the policy was the introduction of measures for natural resource management and the adoption of technology in farming practices.
• The policy aimed to double food production over the next decade and strengthen support systems such as credit, crop insurance, and market infrastructure.

Additional Information

• Green Revolution
  • It was introduced in India in the 1960s to increase food production through the use of high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation.
  • The revolution primarily benefited wheat and rice production, significantly reducing food shortages.
  • It played a pivotal role in transforming India into a self-sufficient nation in food grain production.
• Operation Flood
  • Launched in 1970 by the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), it aimed to make India the largest producer of milk and dairy products.
  • It focused on creating a nationwide milk grid and reducing dependency on imports.
  • Operation Flood is regarded as one of the most successful initiatives for rural development in India.
• Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)
  • Introduced in 1995, it aimed to generate self-employment opportunities in rural areas through micro-enterprises.
  • The programme was implemented by the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC).
  • It focused on promoting traditional industries and rural entrepreneurship.
• Challenges in Indian Agriculture
  • Issues such as fragmented land holdings, dependency on monsoons, and lack of modern farming techniques hinder agricultural growth.
  • Improving access to institutional credit, technology adoption, and market linkages remains critical for sustainable development.