Which one of the following statements is correct?

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UPSC Civil Services Exam (Prelims) General Studies Official Paper-I (Held On: 10 Oct 2021)
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  1. Ajanta Caves lie in the gorge of Waghora river.
  2. Sanchi Stupa lies in the gorge of Chambal river.
  3. Pandu-lena Cave Shrines lie in the gorge of Narmada river.
  4. Amaravati Stupa lies in the gorge of Godavari river.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Ajanta Caves lie in the gorge of Waghora river.
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

  • The Ajanta caves are cut into the side of a cliff that is on south side of a U-shaped gorge on the small river Waghora. Hence option 1 is correct.
  • Sanchi Stupa lies in an upland plateau region, on a flat-topped sandstone hill, just west of the Betwa River and about 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Vidisha. Hence option 2 is not correct.
  • The Buddhist monuments Pandavleni Caves also known by the names Pandu Lena caves and Trirashmi caves are a group of 24 rock-cut caves.
    • It is located high up on the north face of Trivashmi hill 8 km south of Nasik city.
    • The donative inscriptions indicate that these excavations are belonging to the Satavahana and Kshatrapa periods.
    • The nearest river is the Godavari. Hence option 3 is not correct.
  • Amravati stupa was founded by an emissary of Emperor Ashoka and its construction got completed around 2000 years ago.
    • Amravati Stupa illustrates Lord Buddha in a human form and He is shown subduing an elephant.
    • It is taller than the Sanchi stupa and has 95 ft high platforms, extending in the four cardinal directions, along with a huge circular dome.
    • It is situated near river Krishna. Hence option 4 is not correct.
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