Analogous organs arise due to:

  1. divergent evolution
  2. artificial selection
  3. genetic drift
  4. convergent evolution

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : convergent evolution

Detailed Solution

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Key Points

Option 1: Divergent evolution

  • Divergent evolution is a process in which species having a common ancestor evolved into different species over a period.
  • They form homologous structures.
  • For example, the bones of forelimbs in men and whales are homologous structures as they are structurally similar but functionally different.

Option 2: Artificial selection

  • Artificial Selection is the process by which humans choose organisms with valuable phenotypic traits for breeding.

Option 3: Genetic Drift

  • Genetic drift is the change in allele frequencies that occurs by chance. It occurs in a small population. 

Option 4: Convergent evolution

  • Convergent evolution is a process in which some distantly related organisms evolve with similar features over some time.
  • It leads to the formation of analogous structures.
  • For example, the wings of butterflies and birds are analogous structures as they are structurally different but functionally similar.

So, the correct answer is option 4.

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