In a machine, if ‘MA’ is the mechanical advantage, ‘VR’ is the velocity ratio and ‘η’ is the efficiency, then

Explanation:

Mechanical Advantage (MA):

In a simple machine when the effort (P) balances a load (W), the ratio of the load to the effort is called Mechanical Advantage.

\(\rm M.A = \frac{{Load}}{{Effort}} = \frac{W}{P}\)

Velocity Ratio:

It is the ratio between the distance moved by the effort to the distance moved by the load.

\(\rm V.R = \frac{{Distance\;moved\;by\;the\;effort\;\left( {{d_P}} \right)}}{{Distance\;moved\;by\;the\;load\;\left( {{d_w}} \right)}}\)

Efficiency:

It is the ratio of output to input. In a simple mechanism, it is also defined as the ratio of mechanical advantage to the velocity ratio.

\(\rm \eta = \frac{{Output}}{{Input}} = \frac{{M.A}}{{V.R}}\)

In an ideal machine, the mechanical advantage is equal to the velocity ratio.