What is the chemical name of baking soda used in the kitchen?

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  1. Sodium hydrogen carbonate
  2. Sodium chloride
  3. Calcium bi carbonate
  4. Calcium carbonate

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Sodium hydrogen carbonate
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Key Points

  • Baking soda is chemically known as sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
  • It is a white crystalline powder that is commonly used as a leavening agent in baking.
  • Sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with acidic components in batter, releasing carbon dioxide gas which helps dough rise.
  • It is also used in various household cleaning and deodorizing applications due to its mild abrasive properties and ability to neutralize odors.

Additional Information

  • Chemical Properties:
    • When heated, sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes to form sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide.
    • It is amphoteric, meaning it can react with both acids and bases.
  • Uses in Medicine:
    • Sodium bicarbonate is used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn.
    • It is also used in some medical procedures to manage metabolic acidosis.
  • Environmental Impact:
    • It is considered environmentally safe and biodegradable.
    • It can be used to neutralize acidic spills in the environment.
  • Historical Context:
    • Baking soda has been used since ancient times, with the Egyptians using natural deposits of natron (a mineral containing sodium bicarbonate) for cleaning purposes.
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