Which is the first marine eco-sensitive zone of India?

The correct answer is Gulf of Kutch.

Key Points

• The Gulf of Kutch was declared the first marine eco-sensitive zone of India in 1980.
• It is located on the west coast of India, in the state of Gujarat.
• The region is known for its rich biodiversity, including coral reefs, mangroves, and a variety of marine species.
• The eco-sensitive zone status helps in the conservation of the area by regulating activities that might harm the ecosystem.
• The Marine National Park in the Gulf of Kutch is the first national marine park of India.

Additional Information

• Coral Reefs
  • Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals.
  • They are often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea" due to their rich biodiversity.
  • Coral reefs provide essential services, including coastal protection, tourism, and habitat for marine species.
• Mangroves
  • Mangroves are coastal forests that thrive in saline environments and are found in tropical and subtropical regions.
  • They play a crucial role in protecting shorelines from erosion and storm surges.
  • Mangroves are also important for carbon sequestration and provide habitat for a variety of wildlife.
• Marine National Parks
  • Marine National Parks are protected areas aimed at conserving marine biodiversity and ecosystems.
  • The Gulf of Kutch Marine National Park is India's first such park, established in 1982.
  • These parks help in the protection of endangered species and the preservation of marine habitats.
• Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZ)
  • Eco-Sensitive Zones are areas around protected areas, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries that act as a buffer zone.
  • The aim of ESZ is to regulate certain activities to minimize the negative impact on fragile ecosystems.
  • Activities such as industrial operations, mining, and large-scale construction are typically restricted in these zones.