Industrial Revolution MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Industrial Revolution - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea.

• The Suez Canal, connecting the Mediterranean and the Red seas, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony attended by French Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III.
• It provides the direct route for shipping between Europe and Asia, effectively allowing for passage from the North Atlantic to the Indian Ocean.
• It became one of the most important routes for trade during the Industrial Revolution.
• The Suez Canal stretches 120 miles from Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt.
• The canal separates the bulk of Egypt from the Sinai Peninsula. It was opened in the year 1869.
• An estimated 1.5 million people worked on the project which started in the year 1859.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Capitalism.

Key Points

• Karl Marx was dead against capitalism.
• He argued that industrial society was based on capitalism.
• Capitalists owned the capital invested in factories and the profit of capitalists was produced by workers.
• Marx argued that industrial society was ‘capitalist’. Capitalists owned the capital invested in factories, and the profit of capitalists was produced by workers.
• The conditions of workers could not improve as long as this profit was accumulated by private capitalists.
• Workers had to overthrow capitalism and the rule of private property. Marx believed that to free themselves from capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically socialist society where all property was socially controlled.
• This would be a communist society. He was convinced that workers would triumph in their conflict with capitalists. Communist society was the natural society of the future.
• The conditions of workers could not improve as long as this profit was accumulated by private capitalists. Hence, it is essential to overthrow private capitalists.

Hence, the correct answer is Capitalism.

Additional Information

• The capitalism of Marx’s time was a lot different from the modern consumer society we see today. Marx was living in a society undergoing rapid change.
• Industrialization was allowing smaller numbers of people to farm larger amounts of land, creating a massive unemployed class of former farm labourers, with no education, no money, and no prospects. 
• Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) added other ideas to this body of arguments.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

 The earliest kind of print technology, that is, hand printing grew in China, Japan and Korea.

• Books were printed by rubbing paper from AD 594 in China.
• The imperial state in China was the major producer of printed material.
• By the 17th century, the uses of print diversified in China. Merchants used the print to collect trade information, prints were used for reading.
• Shanghai became the hub of new print culture.

The correct answer is Edible Oil Seeds.

Key Points

• Yellow Revolution
  • It was launched in 1986-87 to increase the production of edible oil seeds especially sesame and mustard seeds.
  • Father of Yellow Revolution: Sam Pitroda
  • It targets nine oilseeds: Sunflower, Groundnut, Mustard, Niger,  Soyabean, Castor, Safflower, Sesame, Linseed.
  • In order to make this revolution successful, India launched the Oil Technologica Mission in 1986.

Additional Information

Even though women had to work more hours than men , they were paid very less compared to men. Hence, Option 3 is NOT correct.

• The Industrial Revolution was a time of important changes in the way that children and women worked.
• As the use of machinery spread and fewer workers were needed, industrialists preferred to employ women and children who would be less agitated about their poor working conditions and work for lower wages than men.
• Machinery like the cotton spinning jenny was designed to be used by child workers with their small build and nimble fingers.
• Children were often employed in textile factories because they were small enough to move between tightly packed machinery.

​The correct answer is V. Kurein.

• Verghese Kurien is known as the father of the white revolution in India.

Key Points

• "Operation Flood" is a mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.
• Operation Flood was launched in 1970 by National Dairy Development Board during the time of the Fourth Five Year Plan.
• Operation flood was the world's biggest dairy development program which gave a major thrust to the milk production of the nation.
• It aimed at helping the dairy industry sustain itself economically while providing employment to poor farmers.
• The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products.
• White Revolution contributed to a large extent to alleviate poverty in India.
• Gujarat-based co-operation “Anand Milk Union Limited” (Amul) was the engine behind the success of the programme.
• Operation Flood is called the White Revolution in India.
• The program to increase the production of milk is called White Revolution.
• Father of White Revolution in India - Verghese Kurien.
• Milkman of India - Verghese Kurien.
• Indian Dairy Association decided to observe the birthday of Verghese Kurien as National Milk Day.
• National Milk Day - November 26.
• 'Unfinished Dream' is a book written by Verghese Kurien.
• National Dairy Development Board - Anand (Gujarat).
• National Dairy Research Institute - Karnal (Haryana).
• The largest producer of Milk and Milk Products in the World - India.

Important Points

• Father of Green Revolution in India - M. S. Swaminathan.
• Father of Green Revolution in World - Norman E. Borlaug.
• Father of Panchayati Raj in India - Balwant Rai Mehta

The correct answer is Norman Borlaug.

Key Points

• Norman Borlaug is NOT associated with the White Revolution in India.
• Norman Ernest Borlaug was an American agronomist who led global projects that contributed to the Green Revolution's massive increases in agricultural production.
• Borlaug was honoured with the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Congressional Gold Medal for his efforts.

Important Points

• Verghese Kurien, called the "Father of the White Revolution" in India, was a social entrepreneur whose "billion-litre idea," Operation Flood, transformed dairy farming into India's greatest self-sustaining business and the largest rural employment sector, accounting for a third of all rural income.
• Since 1989, Ananda Dairy has been a significant dairy and food manufacturing enterprise in India.
• The founding of Amul is linked to India's White Revolution.

The correct answer is Johann Gutenberg, Germany.

Key Points

• Johann Gutenberg developed the first-known printing press in the 1430s at Strasbourg, Germany.
• Johann was the son of a merchant who learnt the art of polishing stones and acquired the expertise to create lead moulds.
• Drawing on this knowledge, he adapted the existing technology to design his innovation.
• The olive press provided the model for the printing press, and moulds were used for casting the metal types for letters of the alphabet.
• By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system.
• And the first book he printed was the Bible.

 Thus, we can say that Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press in Germany.

The correct answer is England.

Key Points

• The Industrial Revolution
  • It refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th century. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
  • Before the Industrial Revolution, people wove textiles by hand.
  • Beginning in the middle 1700s, machines did this and other jobs as well.
  • The Industrial Revolution started in England and soon spread to Continental Europe and North America.
  • It brought economic changes which took place in the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries and completely transformed European society.
  • The Industrial Revolution brought about two main changes, viz. it replaced the domestic system by factory system and small scale production by mass production.
  • The Industrial Revolution marked a period of development in the latter half of the 18th century that transformed largely rural, agrarian societies in Europe and America into industrialized, urban ones.
  • Goods that had once been painstakingly crafted by hand started to be produced in mass quantities by machines in factories, thanks to the introduction of new machines and techniques in textiles, iron making, and other industries.
  • The Industrial Revolution began in Britain and spread to the rest of the world, including the United States, by the 1830s and 1840s.
  • Britain had a long history of producing textiles like wool, linen, and cotton.
  • But before the Industrial Revolution, the British textile business was a true “cottage industry,” with the work performed in small workshops or even homes by individual spinners, weavers, and dyers.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Fishing.

Key Points

• The term Blue revolution refers to the remarkable emergence of aquaculture as an important and highly productive agricultural activity.
• Dr. Hiralal Chaudhuri and Dr. Arun Krishnsnan are known as the Father of the Blue revolution.
• Aquaculture refers to all forms of active culturing of aquatic animals and plants, occurring in marine, brackish, or freshwaters.

Additional Information

• List of all the important Revolutions in India

Key Points

Industrial Revolution: 

• The first Industrial revolution was started in Britain.
• It has impacted the whole world and made a drastic change in the life of the people.
• The Industrial Revolution began in England, then spread throughout Europe and then North America during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
• The ultimate goal of the Industrial Revolution was to rely less on human labour in manufacturing processes.
• And to alter the industrial steps that used to be powered by Man into another form that is powered by machines
• This dream came true when the discovery of steam power and the invention and development of the steam engine took place.
• The first steam engine to be applied industrially was the "fire-engine" or "Miner's Friend", designed by Thomas Savery in 1698. 
• Because of the Industrial Revolution, a new system of society that had been emerging in Europe from the 15th century is
  called capitalism.
• The Industrial Revolution has increased the use of the steam engine as its application has increased.

​Thus, the industrial revolution began with the invention of the steam engine.

Additional Information 

Important invention during the Industrial revolution

The correct answer is Gutenberg.

Important Points 

• Johannes Gutenberg started the first printing press in the late 1450s.
• Johannes Gutenberg was a German inventor, goldsmith, and publisher, he introduced printing with the introduction of the mechanical movable type printing press in Europe.
• Few of the other inventions of Johannes are the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type, the use of a wooden printing press similar to the agricultural screw presses of the period, the use of oil-based ink for printing books.

Additional Information

• Erasmus was a Dutch philosopher and Christian scholar, his main work was to write letters to the leading statesmen, humanists, printers, and theologians.

The first industrial revolution happened in England during the period of 1780 - 1850.

Key Points

• Industrial Revolution means the transformation of industry and economy of a country with quick succession than normal slow rate.
• Georges Michelet of France, and Friedrich Engels of Germany were the first to use the term Industrial Revolution.
• The first Industrial Revolution began in England during the period of 1780 - 1850.
• ​Due to the following reasons, Industrial Revolution first occurred in England:
  • England was the first country to experience industrialization because it had been a politically stable country.
  • There was abundance of natural resources like iron and coal in England. Iron and coal are necessary resources for the functioning of any industry.
  • England was an economically sound country. The Britishers had been doing business in foreign countries. They had amassed huge wealth which was necessary for the functioning of industries.
  • England had trade relations with many countries of the world. They had better transportation facility available. Through this, they could sell their products in the markets of other countries too.

  • There was availability of labour forces at cheap rates in England.

Hence, we can conclude that the first industrial revolution happened in England during the period of 1780 - 1850.

The correct answer is Dialectical materialism.

Key Points

• Dialectical materialism, a philosophical approach to reality derived from the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
• For Marx and Engels, materialism meant that the material world, perceptible to the senses, has an objective reality independent of mind or spirit.
• They did not deny the reality of mental or spiritual processes but affirmed that ideas could arise, therefore, only as products and reflections of material conditions.
• Marx and Engels understood materialism as the opposite of idealism, by which they meant any theory that treats the matter as dependent on mind or spirit, or mind or spirit as capable of existing independently of matter.
• For them, the materialist and idealist views were irreconcilably opposed throughout the historical development of philosophy.
• They adopted a thoroughgoing materialist approach, holding that any attempt to combine or reconcile materialism with idealism must result in confusion and inconsistency.
• The concept of dialectical materialism—which is a theoretical basis for a method of reasoning—should not be confused with “historical materialism,” which is the Marxist interpretation of history in terms of the class struggle. However, it is based on dialectical materialism.

Additional Information

• Dialectical materialism is the world outlook of the Marxist-Leninist party.
• It is called dialectical materialism because its approach to the phenomena of nature, its method of studying and apprehending them, is dialectical, while its interpretation of the phenomena of nature, its conception of these phenomena, its theory, is materialistic. 
• Historical materialism is the extension of the principles of dialectical materialism to the study of social life, an application of the principles of dialectical materialism to the phenomena of the life of society, to the study of society and of its history.
  • It posits that history is made as a result of the struggle between different social classes rooted in the underlying economic base. 

The Correct Answer is Option 4 i.e All of the above.

Important Points

• The Economic impacts of the Industrial Revolution:
  • New inventions and developments
  • Rapid Growth of Industry
  • Increased production and high demand for raw materials
  • Exploitation of resources
  • Advances in travel, transport, and agriculture
• Social impacts of the Industrial Revolution:
  • Long working Hours disturbed the social fabric
  • Population pressure on cities
  • Poor city planning
  • Expansion of the middle class
  • ​Creation of new jobs and improvement in wages
  • Technological progress

Thus, we can say that Exploitation of resources, Long working Hours disturbed the social fabric, and Expansion of the middle class are the impact of the Industrial Revolution.