Inference Based Passage MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Inference Based Passage - Download Free PDF

Key Points

• S1: The increasing reliance on renewable energy sources is generally considered a positive step towards mitigating climate change.
  • This statement presents a widely accepted positive view of renewable energy, focusing on its primary benefit related to climate change.
• S2: While solar and wind power offer significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions during operation, their widespread adoption necessitates substantial upfront investment in infrastructure, addresses challenges related to energy storage and grid stability, and involves environmental considerations in the manufacturing and disposal of components.
  • This statement acknowledges the advantage related to S1 (emission reduction during operation). However, it immediately introduces significant disadvantages and challenges associated with the *implementation* and *lifecycle* of these technologies (investment, storage, grid issues, manufacturing/disposal environmental costs).
• Relationship between S1 and S2 based on the options:
  • Option 1 (presents a counter-argument to the primary benefit): Incorrect. S2 actually *confirms* the primary benefit (emission reduction during operation) while presenting other challenges.
  • Option 2 (offers a nuanced perspective that acknowledges both advantages and disadvantages implied by the first): Correct. S1 implies the advantage (climate mitigation). S2 explicitly states the operational advantage and then presents a balanced, more realistic view by detailing the significant disadvantages and complexities involved in achieving widespread adoption. This is a nuanced perspective.
  • Option 3 (primarily supports the underlying goal... while highlighting implementation complexities): Partially correct, but 'primarily supports' is debatable given the emphasis on challenges, and 'implementation complexities' might not fully capture manufacturing/disposal issues. Option 2 is a more complete description.
  • Option 4 (introduces factors entirely orthogonal): Incorrect. The factors in S2 are directly relevant to the feasibility and overall impact of the renewable energy adoption mentioned in S1.

Key Points

• S1: The recent archaeological excavation at the Indus Valley site revealed a sophisticated urban planning system.
  • This statement presents a conclusion or interpretation based on archaeological findings – that the site had a complex and advanced system for organizing the city.
• S2: Among the findings were meticulously laid-out brick streets intersecting at right angles, an advanced drainage network, and standardized brick sizes, suggesting a high degree of civic organization and engineering knowledge.
  • This statement lists specific pieces of evidence found during the excavation. These findings (grid streets, drainage, standardized bricks) are the concrete examples that support the conclusion mentioned in S1 and illustrate *what made* the urban planning system "sophisticated."
• Relationship between S1 and S2:
  • S2 does not contradict or contrast S1.
  • While S2's findings do confirm the truth of S1, the primary relationship is more specific. S2 takes the general statement made in S1 ("sophisticated urban planning") and expands upon it by providing the specific details and examples discovered (streets, drainage, bricks) that demonstrate *how* that sophistication manifested. This process is called elaboration.

Key Points

• S1: The proliferation of microplastic pollution represents a pervasive threat to marine ecosystems globally.
  • This statement asserts that microplastic pollution is a widespread and serious danger to the world's oceans.
• S2: Recent studies have detected microplastic particles not only in the digestive tracts of various marine organisms but also embedded within their tissues, raising concerns about bioaccumulation and potential long-term physiological impacts that extend beyond simple ingestion.
  • This statement provides specific scientific findings that support the claim in S1. It details *how* pervasive the issue is (found in digestive tracts and tissues) and explains *why* it is a threat (concerns about bioaccumulation and long-term impacts).
• Relationship between S1 and S2:
  • S2 does not contradict or contrast S1; it provides evidence consistent with S1.
  • While S2 does confirm the presence of microplastics in marine organisms, which supports S1, it does more than just basic confirmation. By highlighting findings like microplastics in tissues and the associated concerns about bioaccumulation and long-term impacts, S2 provides stronger, more detailed evidence that strengthens or supports the assertion in S1 that this is a *pervasive threat*. The details in S2 make the threat described in S1 seem more serious and widespread.

Key Points

• S1: The implementation of advanced artificial intelligence in creative fields is poised to democratize artistic expression.
  • This statement presents a positive outlook, suggesting that AI will make artistic creation more accessible to a wider range of people.
• S2: While AI tools offer individuals without traditional training the ability to generate novel artistic outputs, concerns remain regarding the potential for algorithmic bias to homogenize styles and the complex issues surrounding copyright ownership of AI-generated content.
  • This statement acknowledges the positive potential supporting S1 ("ability to generate novel artistic outputs") but immediately introduces significant reservations and challenges (algorithmic bias leading to homogenization, copyright issues) that could complicate or limit the democratization process mentioned in S1.
• Relationship between S1 and S2:
  • S2 does not contradict S1 entirely, as it acknowledges the potential for individuals to generate art.
  • S2 does not merely confirm S1; it adds complexities and challenges that present a less absolute picture than S1.
  • While S2 does present contrasting elements (potential democratization vs. potential homogenization/complexity), its primary function is to refine or limit the scope and certainty of the claim made in S1 by adding conditions and reservations. This aligns most closely with the definition of qualifying a statement. S2 explains that while democratization might be the aim, it's not a simple or guaranteed outcome due to these significant concerns.

Key Points

• S1: The recent policy shift aims to foster greater fiscal decentralization within the federal structure.
  • This statement introduces the main idea: a policy change is being made to increase financial power and autonomy at lower (sub-national) levels of government in a federal system.
• S2: Sub-national governments will now have increased autonomy in levying certain taxes and managing a larger portion of locally generated revenue, although significant oversight from the central government regarding overall budgetary limits will remain.
  • This statement provides the specific details of the policy mentioned in S1. It explains *how* the decentralization will occur (increased autonomy, tax levying, revenue management) but also includes an important condition or limitation (central oversight remains).
• Relationship between S1 and S2:
  • S2 does not contradict S1; it describes the implementation of the policy S1 announces.
  • S2 does not merely contrast S1; it builds upon S1 by providing specifics.
  • While S2 confirms the *direction* of S1 (decentralization is happening), its primary function is to explain the *nature*, *scope*, and *limitations* of that decentralization. By detailing *how* the decentralization will occur and specifying that central oversight will *remain*, S2 adds nuance and conditions to the general statement in S1. This is the definition of qualifying a statement.

The correct answer is Sindhu.

Key Points

• The word Hindu is derived from the Sanskrit word Sindhu which is the local name for the Indus River. Hence option 3 is correct.
• Indus flows through the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent.
• Sindhu also means sea. 

Additional Information

• The Indus River is historically famous in Asia.
• It is originated from the Tibetan Plateau and then flows through the Ladakh then entered into Pakistan and finally merge into the Arabian Sea after travelling a distance of 3180 km. 

Important Points

The correct answer is option 4.

• The following is stated in the passage- "The possibility of losing helium forever poses the threat of a real crisis because its unique qualities are extraordinarily difficult, if not impossible to duplicate."
• Clearly, losing helium poses a real crisis because it is a gas that has unique qualities that are difficult to duplicate.

The correct answer is option 2), i.e. maturation.

• The following has been stated in the passage: “Growth, development and maturation occur side by side.”
• Only option 2) gives us the correct answer. 

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. skin tone. 

Key Points

• The answer can be found in the line, “Although growth is a characteristic of living beings, in all living beings, the rate of growth also depends on nutrition and living conditions, including the environment at home.” - here in this line, there is no mention of "skin tone". 
• The only option which gives us the correct answer is option 3). 

• Proliferate: (adjective) increase rapidly in number; multiply.
• Mammoth: (Adjective) huge, large in size 
• Diminish: (verb) make or become less.
• Tenacious: (adjective) tending to keep a firm hold of something.
   

The correct answer is option 4.

• The following is stated in the passage- "Helium – an inert, odourless, monatomic element known to lay people as the substance that makes balloons float and voices squeak when inhaled – could be gone from this planet within a generation. But helium is also instrumental in deep-sea diving,"
• Only option 4 is not mentioned in the passage.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. uranium.

The following is stated in the passage- "Helium is the byproduct of millennia of radioactive decay from the elements thorium and uranium."

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. "unchanging"

• The question asked is an incomplete sentence.
• in the last lines of the first paragraph of the given passage," rules or as we call them, laws of nature. If I throw a stick up in the air, it always falls down. If the sun sets in the west it always rises again the next morning, in the east. So, it becomes possible to figure things out."
• Here, the word 'always' signifies that there is no change in the rule of this planet. 

Hence, from the above explanation, it is clear that "unchanging" is the correct answer.

• The following has been stated in the passage: “Growth is a quantitative increase in size through increase in number of cells or elongation of cells.”

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. "​imagine pictures"

• In the last lines of the given passage, there is information given about stars, "Over the dying embers of the campfire, on a moonless night, we watched the stars. The night sky is interesting. There are patterns there. Without even trying, you can imagine pictures" but here, information regarding the enjoying the beauty is not given which makes the first option incorrect.
• in the given question the best thing about the sky is asked; however, in the second last line of the passage,  "Over the dying embers of the campfire, on a moonless night, we watched the stars.", is given where the information is given about moonless nights, not about the sky which makes option 2 wrong.
• Option 3 is also incorrect as there is no information given about feeling the cool air in the given passage.
• In the last lines of the given passage, there is information given about the sky night, "The night sky is interesting. There are patterns there. Without even trying, you can imagine pictures."  which clearly makes option 4 correct.

Hence, from the above explanation, "​imagine pictures" is the correct option to choose from.