Which of the following Sun temples is built by Raja Bhimdev I of the Solanki dynasty?

The correct answer is Modhera Sun Temple.

Key Points

• The Modhera Sun Temple was built by Raja Bhimdev I of the Solanki dynasty in the early 11th century (circa 1026 CE).
• The temple is dedicated to Surya, the Sun God, and is located in the village of Modhera, Gujarat, India.
• The temple is renowned for its intricate carvings, architectural precision, and unique alignment with the equinox, allowing sunlight to illuminate the sanctum sanctorum.
• The Modhera Sun Temple is considered a prime example of the Maru-Gurjara architectural style.
• Though no worship is conducted there today, the temple is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).

Additional Information

• Sun Temples in India
  • Other famous Sun Temples in India include the Konark Sun Temple in Odisha and the Martand Sun Temple in Jammu and Kashmir.
  • These temples are dedicated to Surya, symbolizing energy, vitality, and prosperity.
• Architectural Style
  • The Maru-Gurjara style, prominent in western India, emphasizes ornate carvings, stepped tanks, and open-air courtyards.
  • The Modhera Sun Temple exemplifies this style with its assembly hall (Sabha Mandap), sanctum (Garbhagriha), and stepped reservoir (Kunda).
• Alignment with the Sun
  • The temple's sanctum is designed in such a way that during the equinox, the first rays of the sun illuminate the idol of Surya.
  • This alignment reflects the advanced astronomical knowledge of the era.
• Solanki Dynasty
  • The Solanki dynasty, also known as the Chaulukya dynasty, ruled parts of present-day Gujarat and Rajasthan between the 10th and 13th centuries.
  • They were great patrons of art and architecture, as evidenced by monuments like the Modhera Sun Temple and the Rani ki Vav stepwell.