Bihar Sakshamta Pariksha GS Questions Solved Problems with Detailed Solutions [Free PDF]

Explanation:

UNFCCC

• It is the United Nations entity tasked with supporting the global response to the threat of climate change.  
• The Convention has near universal membership (198 Parties) and is the parent treaty of the 2015 Paris Agreement.
• The main aim of the Paris Agreement is to keep the global average temperature rise this century as close as possible to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
• It is also the parent treaty of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol.
• The ultimate objective of all three agreements under the UNFCCC is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system, in a time frame that allows ecosystems to adapt naturally and enables sustainable development.
• Subsidiary Body for Implementation(SBI) has a role in the assessment and review of the effective implementation of the convention. 

Hence, the option 2 is the correct answer

The correct answer is C3H8OH - Propanol - Propyl Alcohol

Concept:-

Molecular Formula: A molecular formula denotes the type and number of atoms in a single molecule of a compound. It is a concise way to describe the exact composition of a molecule. For instance, in (methanol) CH₃OH, C denotes carbon, H is for hydrogen, and O stands for oxygen. The subscript indicates the number of each type of atom in the molecule.

IUPAC Naming: The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) developed a system for naming chemical compounds. This system is used to ensure that each compound has a unique name, thereby avoiding the confusion that can arise from the use of common names. For example, the IUPAC name for C₂H₅OH is ethanol.

Common Names: Besides IUPAC names, many chemical compounds are also known by common names, which are often derived from their historical or traditional names. These names are widely used, but they can sometimes result in confusion as the same compound can have different common names in different regions or contexts. For example, C₂H₅OH is widely known as ethyl alcohol in addition to its IUPAC name, ethanol.

Explanation:-

The simplified molecular formula for propanol would be C3H7OH, not C₃H₈OH. The first option is incorrect. Let's look at the correct formulas:

C₃H₇OH - Propanol - Propyl alcohol
C₂H₅OH - Ethanol - Ethyl alcohol
C₄H₉OH - Butanol - Butyl alcohol
CH₃OH - Methanol - Methyl alcohol

Therefore, the INCORRECT set of Molecular Formula - IUPAC Name - Common Name among the given options is:

C3H8OH - Propanol - Propyl alcohol

CONCEPT:

Isobaric process:

• When a thermodynamic process undergoes a physical change in such a way that its pressure remains constant, then the change is known as the isobaric process.

⇒ P = constant

EXPLANATION:

• We know that in an isobaric process, the pressure of the system remains constant.
• So the initial and the final pressure will be equal.

⇒ P1 = P2

• So the final pressure will be  6 bar.

The Correct Answer Is 'More than one of the above'.

Key Points

• Food wastage impacts the environment in multiple ways.
  • Firstly, It contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. When food is wasted and ends up in landfills, it decomposes and releases methane, a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
  • Secondly, food wastage leads to deforestation. As demand for food increases, more land is cleared for agriculture, leading to the destruction of forests and natural habitats.
  • Lastly, food wastage wastes valuable resources such as water and energy. The production of food requires significant amounts of water and energy, and when food is wasted, all those resources used in its production are also wasted. This puts unnecessary strain on freshwater resources and contributes to the overall energy consumption and environmental impact of food production.

Additional Information

• Greenhouse emissions, also known as greenhouse gas emissions, refer to the release of gases into the Earth's atmosphere that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
  • The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases trap heat from the sun, causing the Earth's temperature to rise.
• ​Deforestation refers to the permanent removal or clearing of forests and trees from a particular area.
  • ​It is a significant environmental issue that has both local and global implications.
  • Deforestation occurs due to various factors, including agricultural expansion, logging, urbanization, infrastructure development, and unsustainable land-use practices.
• ​One of the major consequences of deforestation is the loss of valuable resources, including water and energy.
  • Forests play a crucial role in regulating water cycles and maintaining water quality.
  • Trees absorb water from the soil and release it into the atmosphere through a process called transpiration. This process helps in the formation of clouds and rainfall, thereby contributing to the availability of freshwater resources. When forests are cleared, the water cycle is disrupted, leading to reduced water availability in the region.