Origin and evolution of Universe Solar system MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Origin and evolution of Universe Solar system - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is ​Mars and Jupiter.

Key Points

• Asteroids
  • Apart from the  planets, and satellites, numerous tiny bodies also move around the sun. These bodies are called asteroids.
  • They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
  • Scientists are of the view that asteroids are parts of a planet that exploded many years back.
  • Asteroid Belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System.
  • Asteroid Belt is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.
  • Four largest asteroids
    • Ceres
    • Vesta
    • Pallas
    • Hygiea
  • Ceres, the asteroid belt's only dwarf planet.
  • Asteroids orbit the Sun and are small bodies on the solar system.
  • They are made up of metals and rocks and also consist of organic compounds.
  • They are similar to comets but don’t have a coma-like comet. 
  • Asteroids tend to have shorter and elliptical orbits.
  • Astronomers have discovered millions of asteroids some that measure hundreds of kilometers across and some as small as dust particles.
  • Asteroids have an elliptical orbit.
  • It is made of metals and rocks.
  • Do not produce a coma or tail atmosphere.
  • The orbital period is 1 to 100 years.

The correct answer is Bhutan.

Key Points

Greenwich Mean Time

• It is the time displayed by the Shepherd Gate Clock at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. When the sun is at its highest point exactly above the Prime Meridian, it is noon at Greenwich.
• It is not affected by Daylight Saving Time (DST) clock changes.
• The Greenwich Meridian (Prime Meridian or Longitude Zero degrees) is the reference point for every Time Zone in the world.
• Every 15° longitude represents one hour's difference in time: (24 x 15 = 360, the degrees of a circle).
• You can work out the time at every location on earth if you know how many degrees it is east or west of Greenwich.
• Greenwich Mean Time of Bhutan is 6 hours and 0 minutes ahead. Hence, Option 4 is correct.

Additional Information

• The Indian Government has accep­ted the meridian of 82.5° east for the standard time which is 5 hours 30 mins, ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.
• Greenwich Mean Time of Nepal is 5 hours and 45 minutes ahead.
• Greenwich Mean Time of Srilanka is the same as India is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead.

The correct answer is Rotation.

Key Points

• Rotation refers to the spinning of a planet or celestial body around its axis.
• For Earth, this axial rotation occurs once approximately every 24 hours, resulting in the cycle of day and night.
• The direction of Earth's rotation is prograde, or eastward, which is why the Sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.
• This spinning motion is not unique to Earth; all planets in our Solar System rotate, though the length of a day (one complete rotation) varies significantly from one planet to another.

Additional Information

• Revolution describes the motion of a planet as it orbits around a star.
• In the case of Earth, it revolves around the Sun.
• This journey around the Sun takes about 365.25 days, which defines our year.
• Orbiting is the act of one object moving around another in space due to the gravitational forces between them.
• In our Solar System, planets orbit the Sun, moons orbit planets, and both natural and artificial satellites orbit Earth.
• Inclination in astronomy usually refers to the tilt of the axis of a planet or the orbital tilt of an object.
• For planets, it's the angle between their rotational axis and a perpendicular to their orbital plane.
• Earth's axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees from the vertical relative to its orbital plane around the Sun.

The correct answer is  23.5 degrees. 

Key Points

• The Earth's axis is tilted at approximately 23.5 degrees relative to its orbit around the Sun.
• This tilt is responsible for the change in seasons.

The correct answer is ​Mars and Jupiter.

Key Points

• Asteroids
  • Apart from the  planets, and satellites, numerous tiny bodies also move around the sun. These bodies are called asteroids.
  • They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
  • Scientists are of the view that asteroids are parts of a planet that exploded many years back.
  • Asteroid Belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System.
  • Asteroid Belt is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.
  • Four largest asteroids
    • Ceres
    • Vesta
    • Pallas
    • Hygiea
  • Ceres, the asteroid belt's only dwarf planet.
  • Asteroids orbit the Sun and are small bodies on the solar system.
  • They are made up of metals and rocks and also consist of organic compounds.
  • They are similar to comets but don’t have a coma-like comet. 
  • Asteroids tend to have shorter and elliptical orbits.
  • Astronomers have discovered millions of asteroids some that measure hundreds of kilometers across and some as small as dust particles.
  • Asteroids have an elliptical orbit.
  • It is made of metals and rocks.
  • Do not produce a coma or tail atmosphere.
  • The orbital period is 1 to 100 years.

The correct answer is Venus.

• Venus is made up of thick white and yellowish clouds of sulfuric acid.

Key Points

• Venus:
  • The planet is nearest to the Earth and is also the brightest planet.
  • Venus is known as the “Evening Star” as well as “Morning Star”.
  • Known as the “Veiled Planet”.
  • Also known as the “Earth’s twin”. It also rotates clockwise like Uranus.
  • Venus is the hottest planet (even hotter than Mercury).
  • Venus has no water on it. There is no sufficient oxygen on Venus.

Additional Information Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called terrestrial planets.

• Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called gaseous planets.
• Uranus is about four times the size of the Earth.
  • This planet appears Greenish in colour because of methane gas present in its atmosphere.
• Neptune is surrounded by methane rings of sub-zero temperature.

The correct answer is Venus.

Important Points

• Jupiter:
  • Jupiter is the planet, orange in color with white bands on it.
  • Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also known as winter planet as its average temperature is very low.
  • Jupiter's atmosphere is mostly made up of hydrogen (H₂) and helium (He).
  • Gannymeda, satellite of Jupiter is the largest satellite in the solar system.
• Mars:
  • Mars is reddish in color.
  • Mars is also known as the Red Planet.
  • It is red in color due to the presence of Iron Oxides.
  • Mars has two moons named Phobos and Deimos.
• Venus: 
  • Venus is Earth's twin in size.
  • Venus is the hottest planet in our Solar System.
  • It is the brightest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also sometimes referred to as the sister planet to Earth, due to their near similarity of size and mass.
  • Venus is referred to as the “morning star” and “evening star”.
  • It is surrounded by a thick cloud cover, hence known as the Veiled Planet.
  • It is the second planet from the Sun.
  • It also rotates clockwise on its axis like Uranus.
• Uranus:
  • It is about four times the size of the Earth.
  • It appears greenish in color due to the presence of methane gas in its atmosphere.
  • It is the seventh planet from the Sun.
  • It is the third biggest planet in the Solar System.
  • It rotates clockwise i.e from east to west on its axis, which is opposite to other planets except for Venus.
  • The axis of Uranus has a large inclination so that it appears to be lying down, hence it bears the name 'A Planet on its Side'.

The correct answer is Saturn​.

Key Points

• Saturn
  • It is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest planet in our solar system.
  • Like fellow gas giant Jupiter, Saturn is a massive ball made mostly of hydrogen and helium.

Mistake Point

• After the discovery of 62 more satellites, It has now 146 moons, which is maximum among all the planets in the Solar system. 

Additional Information

• Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.
  • It is the fastest-rotating planet in the solar system.
  • The great red spot is seen in Jupiter.
  • Jupiter takes 12 earth years to make one revolution around the sun in the solar system.
  • Jupiter has 95  moons now.
• Mars
  • It is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also a dynamic planet with seasons, polar ice caps, canyons, extinct volcanoes, etc.
  • Mars has two moons- Phobos and Deimos
• Venus
  • It is the second planet from the Sun.
  • Its thick atmosphere traps heat in a runaway greenhouse effect, making it the hottest planet in our solar system with surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead.
  • Venus has no moons.

Important Points

Data : As of June 8, 2023, 

The correct answer is France.

Key Points

• A time zone is a region of the globe that observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes.
• Time zones tend to follow the boundaries of countries and their subdivisions because it is convenient for areas in close commercial or other communication to keep the same time.
• France, including its overseas territories, has a total of 13 time zones. This is due to the fact that France has several territories scattered across the world, including some in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, which have different time zones.
• Russia has 11 Time Zones.
• South Africa has 2 time zones.
• India has only one-time zone. The country has officially observed India Standard Time (IST) since 1947.

The correct answer is Mercury.

Key Points

• The first four planets are called  Terrestrial, meaning earth-like planets like Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
• They are also called inner planets.
• They lie between the sun and the belt of asteroids.
• They are made up of rock and metals and have relatively high densities.
• The terrestrial planets were formed in the close vicinity of the parent star where it was too warm for gases to condense to solid particles.
• The terrestrial planets are smaller and their lower gravity could not hold the escaping gases. 
• Other than them the planets are called jovian or giant planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
  • They are also called the outer planets.
  • Most of them are much larger than the terrestrial planets and have a thick atmosphere, mostly of helium and hydrogen.
  • The solar winds were not all that intense to cause the removal of gases from the Jovian planets.​ 

Additional Information

Inner or Terrestrial planets: 

1. Mercury
2. Venus
3. Earth
4. Mars

1. Jupiter
2. Saturn
3. Uranus
4. Neptune

• My Very Excited Mother Just Served Us Nachos
• M →  Mercury, V → Venus, E → Earth, M → Mars, J → Jupiter, S → Saturn, U → Uranus, N → Neptune

Saturn is an outer planet of the solar system. It is the sixth planet from the sun and is known for its beautiful rings. Outer planets, also called gas giants, are primarily composed of gas and have thick atmospheres. They are located beyond the asteroid belt and include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

The correct answer is 82°30’E.

• 82°30’E meridian or longitude is also termed as the Standard Meridian of India.
• The standard meridian of India is east of the Greenwich Meridian.
• Indian Standard time has a time offset of UTC+05:30.
• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.

Important Points

Standard Meridian of India passes through:

• Uttar Pradesh
• Madhya Pradesh
• Chhattisgarh
• Orissa
• Andhra Pradesh

The correct answer is Earth.

Key Points

• Among the given options Earth has the shortest day.
• A day is the length of time that a planet takes for the Sun to move from the noon position in the sky at a point on the equator to the same spot.
• Earth has 24 hours per day.
• Mars has approx 25 hours per day.
• Mercury has 1408 hours per day.
• Venus has 5832 hours per day.
• The planet that has the longest day is Venus. 
• The planet Jupiter has the shortest day of all the eight major planets in the Solar System. It spins around on its axis once every 9 hr 55 min 29.69 sec. 

Additional Information

The correct answer is ​Ceres.

Key Points

• The asteroid belt is a circumstellar disc in the Solar System.
• The asteroid belt is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called asteroids or minor planets.
• Ceres is the asteroid belt's only dwarf planet.
• Asteroids orbit the Sun and are small bodies in the solar system.
• They are made up of metals and rocks and also consist of organic compounds.
• They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
• Four largest asteroids
  • Ceres
  • Vesta
  • Pallas
  • Hygiea