Identify the function of lipase in the process of digestion.

The correct answer is Breaking down emulsified fats.Key Points

• Lipase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the digestion of fats in the body.
• The breakdown of fats is essential for the absorption and utilization of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins.
• Lipase breaks down emulsified fats:
  • The process of digestion starts in the mouth where the food is chewed and mixed with saliva.
  • Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary lipase that starts breaking down fats.
  • However, the majority of fat digestion happens in the small intestine where the emulsified fats are acted upon by pancreatic lipase.
  • This enzyme breaks down the emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol, which can be absorbed by the body.
• Lipase works with bile:
  • Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
  • Bile contains bile salts that help in the emulsification of fats, making them easier for lipase to break down.
  • Lipase and bile work together to digest fats and ensure their absorption in the body.
• Lipase deficiency can lead to malabsorption:
  • In some cases, people may have a deficiency of lipase, which can result in malabsorption of fats.
  • This can lead to symptoms like bloating, gas, diarrhea, and weight loss.
  • People with conditions like cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, and celiac disease may have a deficiency of lipase.

Additional Information

• Breaking down roughage: This is the function of enzymes like cellulase, which break down the fiber in plant foods.
  • Lipase does not play a role in breaking down roughage.
• Secreting intestinal fluids: This is the function of the intestinal glands, which secrete fluids that help in the digestion and absorption of nutrients.
  • Lipase is not involved in this process.
• Digesting proteins: This is the function of enzymes like pepsin and trypsin, which break down proteins into amino acids.
  • Lipase does not play a role in digesting proteins.
• Hence, the correct option is 2) Breaking down emulsified fats.