In 2025, which Indian state initiated scientific coal mining after a decade-long ban on unscientific mining practices?

The correct answer is Meghalaya.

Key Points

• Meghalaya resumed scientific coal mining in 2025 after a decade-long ban on unscientific and hazardous mining practices, particularly rat-hole mining.
• The ban was initially imposed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in 2014 due to severe environmental degradation and safety concerns caused by unregulated mining activities.
• The resumption followed the introduction of stricter regulatory frameworks and environmental safeguards to ensure sustainable mining practices.
• Scientific mining involves the use of advanced technologies and practices to minimize environmental impact and enhance worker safety.
• This move was seen as a significant step toward balancing economic development and environmental conservation in the region.

Additional Information

• Rat-Hole Mining:
  • A method of coal mining involving narrow and shallow tunnels, often criticized for its hazardous working conditions and environmental impact.
  • This practice was prevalent in Meghalaya, leading to the NGT ban in 2014.
• National Green Tribunal (NGT):
  • A specialized judicial body in India established in 2010 for the effective and expeditious disposal of environmental cases.
  • It plays a crucial role in enforcing environmental laws and addressing ecological concerns.
• Scientific Mining:
  • A modern and regulated approach to mining that minimizes environmental impact and ensures safety through the use of advanced technology.
  • It includes measures such as controlled blasting, proper waste management, and land reclamation.
• Coal Mining in Meghalaya:
  • Coal is a major resource in Meghalaya, contributing to the state's economy and employment.
  • The transition to scientific mining is expected to boost economic development while preserving the ecological balance.