Which of the following statement is NOT correct regarding the prokaryotic cell?

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

SSC CHSL Tier-I Exam 2022 Official Paper (Held On: 14 March, 2023 Shift 2)

Answer 1

The correct answer is Membrane-bound cell organelles are present.Key Points

Statement 2 is incorrect because one of the primary distinguishing characteristics of prokaryotic cells is the absence of membrane-bound organelles.
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or other organelles (like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, or Golgi apparatus) that are enclosed within membranes.
Instead, the genetic material in prokaryotic cells, typically a circular strand of DNA, is found in a part of the cell called the nucleoid, which is not a membrane-bound structure.
The other metabolic activities in the cell occur in the cytoplasm or across the cell membrane, not within specialized organelles.
In contrast, eukaryotic cells, which include animal and plant cells, do contain a variety of membrane-bound organelles, each with specific functions.
For example, the nucleus contains the cell's genetic material, while mitochondria generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

Additional Information

Other Statements:
- They have only very small ribosomes as organelles:
  - Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do contain ribosomes, which are small structures that participate in protein synthesis.
  - Unlike eukaryotic cells, the ribosomes in prokaryotes are smaller (70S as opposed to the 80S ribosomes in eukaryotes), and they are not membrane-bound.
- Their chromosomes are composed of only nucleic acid:
  - The chromosome of a prokaryotic cell is typically a single, circular DNA molecule that's located in the nucleoid region.
  - Unlike eukaryotic chromosomes, prokaryotic chromosomes are not associated with histone proteins.
  - The DNA is more or less "naked," and directly interacts with the cytoplasm.
- Their size is generally in the range of 1-10 μm:
  - Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.
  - They typically range in size from 1-10 micrometres (μm), which is significantly smaller than most eukaryotic cells.
  - This smaller size allows for a larger surface area to volume ratio, which helps nutrients and waste to quickly enter and exit the cell.