Art & Culture MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Art & Culture - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2.

Key Points

• Yogishwar, the ancient name, corresponds to Jageshwar, which is famous for its group of over 100 ancient temples dedicated to Lord Shiva.
• Gothala, referred to in ancient texts, is identified with Gopeshwar, a town known for its spiritual significance and proximity to the Tungnath temple.
• Kalo Danda is the historical name for Lansdowne, a serene hill station in Uttarakhand established by the British in 1887 as a military base.
• Punar, an ancient term, is linked to Rudraprayag, a confluence town of the Alaknanda and Mandakini rivers, holding a significant place in Hindu mythology.

Additional Information

• Jageshwar (Yogishwar):
  • Jageshwar is an important Hindu pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand.
  • It houses the Jageshwar Dham, a collection of temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, dating back to the 9th to 13th century AD.
  • The site is located amidst dense deodar forests and is part of the Kumaon region.
• Gopeshwar (Gothala):
  • Gopeshwar is the administrative headquarters of Chamoli district in Uttarakhand.
  • The Gopinath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is a prominent attraction here.
  • It serves as a base for pilgrims visiting the famous Tungnath temple, the highest Shiva temple in the world.
• Lansdowne (Kalo Danda):
  • Lansdowne, named after Lord Lansdowne, a Viceroy of India, is a peaceful hill station in the Garhwal region.
  • It is known for its colonial-era buildings and as the regimental center of the Garhwal Rifles of the Indian Army.
  • The Bhulla Tal Lake and Tip-in-Top viewpoint are major tourist attractions.
• Rudraprayag (Punar):
  • Rudraprayag is one of the Panch Prayags (five confluences) of the Alaknanda River.
  • It is the meeting point of the Mandakini and Alaknanda rivers, both sacred in Hindu beliefs.
  • The town is associated with various legends, including those of the sage Narada meditating here to please Lord Shiva.

The correct answer is Option 2: a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1.

Key Points

• Urgam Hydro Power Project is located in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand.
• Sonaprayag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand.
• Surinagaad Hydro Power Project is located in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand.
• Kotabag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.
• The association of hydro power projects with districts is crucial for understanding regional developmental planning in Uttarakhand.

Additional Information

• Hydro Power Projects in Uttarakhand:
  • Uttarakhand is known for its significant potential in hydropower generation due to its hilly terrain and abundant river systems.
  • Small hydro projects, like those mentioned above, are critical for meeting local energy demands and promoting sustainable energy practices.
  • Major rivers such as Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, and Ganga are vital sources for hydroelectricity in the region.
• Importance of District-wise Mapping:
  • District-wise mapping of projects helps in regional planning, resource allocation, and infrastructure development.
  • It assists governments in monitoring and managing environmental impacts of hydropower projects.
• Hydropower Benefits:
  • Hydropower is a renewable energy source that reduces dependency on fossil fuels.
  • It contributes to energy security and provides a reliable electricity supply.
  • Hydropower projects also serve as sources of water storage and flood control.
• Challenges in Hydropower Development:
  • Environmental concerns such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and impact on aquatic ecosystems.
  • Displacement of local communities and socio-economic challenges.
  • Ensuring sustainable development while balancing energy production and environmental conservation.

Key Points

• Raja Rajeshwara Temple, also known as Brihadeeswara Temple in Tanjore, was built by Arumolivarman (Raja Raja Chola I).
• Sun Temple at Konark was constructed by Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
• Vijayanarayana Temple in Belur, also known as Chennakeshava Temple, was built by Bittideva and Vishnuvardhana of the Hoysala dynasty.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple in Kanchi was constructed by Nandivarman II of the Pallava dynasty.

Additional Information

• Brihadeeswara Temple (Raja Rajeshwara Temple - Tanjore):
  • This magnificent temple is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples."
  • It was built during the reign of Raja Raja Chola I in the 11th century.
  • The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is known for its massive vimana (tower) and intricate sculptures.
• Sun Temple (Konark):
  • The Sun Temple is a 13th-century temple dedicated to the Sun God and is located in Odisha.
  • It is famously known as the "Black Pagoda" due to its dark color and was constructed by King Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
  • The temple is designed in the shape of a massive chariot with intricately carved wheels and horses, symbolizing the Sun God’s chariot.
• Vijayanarayana Temple (Belur):
  • This temple is a masterpiece of Hoysala architecture, built during the reign of King Vishnuvardhana in the 12th century.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is also known as the Chennakeshava Temple.
  • The temple is renowned for its intricate carvings, sculptures, and detailed pillars.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple (Kanchi):
  • The Vaikuntha Perumal Temple is an 8th-century temple built by Nandivarman II Pallavamalla of the Pallava dynasty.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is located in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu.
  • The temple is known for its unique architecture and historical inscriptions, which provide insights into Pallava history.

The correct answer is Alagiri Naidu

Key Points

• Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma (1813–1846) was a renowned king of Travancore known for his patronage of art, music, and culture.
• His court was adorned by many great musicians and composers, making Travancore a significant cultural hub during his reign.
• Subbukkutty Ayya, Sivanandan, and Vadivelu were among the prominent musicians associated with his court.
• Alagiri Naidu, on the other hand, does not appear in historical records as being associated with Swathi Thirunal's court or his patronage of music.

Additional Information

• Subbukkutty Ayya: He was a musician and is believed to have contributed to the musical legacy of Swathi Thirunal's court. His works helped enhance the king's reputation as a cultural patron.
• Sivanandan: Another prominent figure in Swathi Thirunal's court, Sivanandan is remembered for his contributions to the Carnatic music tradition.
• Vadivelu: A member of the famous Thanjavur Quartet, Vadivelu is celebrated for his role in popularizing Carnatic music and the violin in South India. He was closely associated with Swathi Thirunal's court.
• Alagiri Naidu: There is no evidence or record of Alagiri Naidu being a musician or being associated with Swathi Thirunal's court, making him the odd man out in this context.

The correct answer is Thumri.

Key Points

• Thumri is a classical music style that is known for its light, romantic, and devotional themes.
• It originated in the courts of Nawabs in the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly in the regions of Awadh.
• Himachal Pradesh folk tunes have been significantly influenced by Thumri, incorporating its melodic and lyrical elements.
• Thumri is characterized by its expressive and improvisational nature, which resonates with the emotional depth found in Himachali folk music.
• Artists like Begum Akhtar and Girija Devi have been prominent exponents of Thumri, contributing to its popularity and integration into various regional music styles.

Additional Information

• Dhrupad
  • Dhrupad is one of the oldest forms of classical music in India, emphasizing strict adherence to rhythmic cycles and melodic patterns.
  • It is known for its spiritual and meditative qualities, often used in temple rituals.
• Tappa
  • Tappa is a semi-classical vocal form originating from the Punjab region, characterized by rapid and intricate note patterns.
  • It is often associated with the lively and expressive aspects of folk music.
• Bhajan
  • Bhajan is a devotional song form, often dedicated to gods and goddesses, and is widely sung in religious ceremonies.
  • It is known for its simple, lyrical, and repetitive nature, making it accessible to the general public.
• Classical Music Influence
  • Classical music has profoundly influenced various regional folk tunes in India, bringing a structured melodic and rhythmic framework.
  • Such influences help preserve the richness and diversity of India's musical heritage.

The correct answer is Tariqa.

Key Points

• Tariqa refers to the distinct spiritual paths or orders within Sufism in India.
• Sufi orders or Tariqas are organized around a spiritual guide or Sheikh.
• Prominent Tariqas in India include the Chishti, Qadiri, Suhrawardi, and Naqshbandi orders.
• Each Tariqa emphasizes specific spiritual practices and teachings aimed at achieving closeness to God.

Additional Information

• Tasawwuf:
  • It is the Arabic term for Sufism, which represents Islamic mysticism.
  • It focuses on inner purification and spiritual development.
• Dhikr:
  • Dhikr refers to the remembrance of God through specific phrases or prayers.
  • It is a common practice in Sufism aimed at achieving spiritual mindfulness.
• Sama:
  • Sama is a Sufi practice that involves listening to music and chanting to attain spiritual states.
  • It is often associated with the whirling dervishes of the Mevlevi order.
• Sheikh:
  • A Sheikh is a spiritual guide or leader in a Sufi order.
  • They are responsible for guiding their followers on the spiritual path.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Bhavageethe is a form of expressive poetry and light music that is highly popular in the state of Karnataka.
• The genre typically involves the rendition of poems written by prominent Kannada poets, set to music.
• It is a unique blend of traditional and classical elements, creating a distinct style of folk music.
• The themes of Bhavageethe often revolve around love, nature, and philosophical musings, deeply rooted in Kannada culture.

Additional Information

• Prominent Poets:
  • Kuvempu (Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa) - Renowned Kannada poet whose works are often used in Bhavageethe.
  • D. R. Bendre - Another celebrated poet whose poems are a popular choice for Bhavageethe compositions.
• Musical Instruments:
  • Traditional instruments like harmonium, tabla, and sitar are commonly used in Bhavageethe performances.
• Performance Style:
  • Bhavageethe is typically performed in a solo singing style, with the singer expressing deep emotions through their voice.
• Modern Influence:
  • In contemporary times, Bhavageethe has seen a fusion with modern musical elements, making it more appealing to the younger generation.

The correct answer is Dhrupad.

Key Points

• Wasifuddin Dagar is a prominent exponent of Dhrupad, a genre of Hindustani classical music.
• Dhrupad is one of the oldest forms of North Indian classical music and has its roots in the chanting of Vedic hymns and mantras.
• Wasifuddin Dagar belongs to the Dagar family, which has been an integral part of Dhrupad tradition for 20 generations.
• He is known for his deep, meditative, and powerful rendition of Dhrupad, continuing the legacy of the Dagarvani style.
• Wasifuddin Dagar has performed in various prestigious music festivals in India and abroad, spreading the essence of Dhrupad.

Additional Information

• Dhrupad:
  • Dhrupad is characterized by its austere and spiritual nature, focusing on precise intonation and elaborate improvisation.
  • It includes an extensive Alap (improvisation without rhythm) followed by a composition set to a specific Tala (rhythmic cycle).
• Ghazal:
  • A poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain, often expressing the pain of loss and the beauty of love.
  • Ghazals can be set to music, and are popular in both Hindustani classical and semi-classical genres.
• Tarana:
  • A style of vocal music in Hindustani classical music where certain words and syllables are used in a fast rendition, often incorporating rhythmic patterns.
  • It is characterized by the use of mnemonic syllables, such as "ta", "na", "da", and "re".
• Khyal:
  • A major vocal style in Hindustani classical music, known for its flexibility and elaborate improvisation.
  • Khyal compositions are usually based on a specific Raga and are performed in a slow tempo (Vilambit) followed by a fast tempo (Drut).

The correct answer is Ramon Magsaysay Award.

Key Points

• In 1974, MS Subbulakshmi, a renowned Indian classical vocalist, became the first Indian musician to be honored with the Ramon Magsaysay Award.
• The Ramon Magsaysay Award is often regarded as Asia's Nobel Prize and is awarded annually to individuals or organizations in Asia who have achieved distinction in their respective fields.
• MS Subbulakshmi was recognized for her contributions to the field of music, particularly for her exceptional talent and dedication to preserving and promoting Indian classical music.
• Her contributions to music and culture have had a profound impact on both national and international levels, making her a celebrated figure in the world of music.
• The award highlighted her role in enhancing the global recognition of Indian classical music and her efforts in cultural diplomacy.

 Additional Information

• Grammy Award
  • The Grammy Awards are accolades presented by the Recording Academy to recognize achievements in the music industry.
  • It is one of the most prestigious awards in the music world, often considered the equivalent of the Oscars in the film industry.
• Right Livelihood Award
  • The Right Livelihood Award is an international award that honors and supports those offering practical and exemplary solutions to the most urgent challenges facing the world today.
  • It is also known as the "Alternative Nobel Prize."
• Pulitzer Prize Award
  • The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States.
  • It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, an American-Hungarian newspaper publisher.

The correct answer is Tariqa.

Key Points

• Tariqa refers to the distinct spiritual paths or orders within Sufism in India.
• Sufi orders or Tariqas are organized around a spiritual guide or Sheikh.
• Prominent Tariqas in India include the Chishti, Qadiri, Suhrawardi, and Naqshbandi orders.
• Each Tariqa emphasizes specific spiritual practices and teachings aimed at achieving closeness to God.

Additional Information

• Tasawwuf:
  • It is the Arabic term for Sufism, which represents Islamic mysticism.
  • It focuses on inner purification and spiritual development.
• Dhikr:
  • Dhikr refers to the remembrance of God through specific phrases or prayers.
  • It is a common practice in Sufism aimed at achieving spiritual mindfulness.
• Sama:
  • Sama is a Sufi practice that involves listening to music and chanting to attain spiritual states.
  • It is often associated with the whirling dervishes of the Mevlevi order.
• Sheikh:
  • A Sheikh is a spiritual guide or leader in a Sufi order.
  • They are responsible for guiding their followers on the spiritual path.

The correct answer is Gwalior gharana.

Key Points

• Gwalior gharana:

  • Krishnarao Shankar Pandit (1893-1989) was a prominent Hindustani classical vocalist belonging to the Gwalior gharana.  
     
  • The Gwalior gharana is considered one of the oldest and most influential gharanas of Hindustani classical music.  
     
  • He was known for his clear diction, precise intonation, and traditional style of singing.
  • He was a dedicated teacher and trained numerous disciples, contributing significantly to the preservation and propagation of the Gwalior gharana's legacy.  
     
  • He established the Shankar Gandharva Mahavidyalaya in Gwalior.  
     
  • The Gwalior Gharana is known for its emphasis on khayal singing.  ​​

• Atrauli gharana:

  • The Atrauli gharana is known for its complex and intricate rhythmic patterns and melodic variations.  
     
  • It is associated with the vocal styles of Alladiya Khan and his descendants.  
     
  • This gharana is known for its very difficult and complex ragas.
  • It is known for its emphasis on the purity of the raga.
  • The Atrauli gharana is a vocal tradition.  
     

• Mewati gharana:

  • The Mewati gharana is known for its devotional and lyrical style of singing.  
     
  • It is associated with Pandit Jasraj, a prominent exponent of this gharana.  
     
  • This gharana is known for its emotional depth and spiritual quality.
  • It is known for its emphasis on Bhakti rasa.
  • The Mewati gharana is a vocal tradition.  
     

• Agra gharana:

  • The Agra gharana is known for its robust and powerful vocal style, emphasizing rhythmic complexity and forceful delivery.  
     
  • It is associated with vocalists like Faiyaz Khan.
  • This gharana is known for its "nom-tom" style of alap.
  • It is known for its bold style.
  • The Agra gharana is a vocal tradition.

The correct answer is Agra gharana.

Key Points

• Ustad Ghagge Khuda Baksh was a renowned figure associated with the Agra gharana.
• The Agra gharana is one of the oldest and most prominent gharanas in Hindustani classical music.
• This gharana is known for its unique style of singing called ‘Dhrupad’ and later also adopted the Khayal style.
• The founders of the Agra gharana were Haji Sujan Khan and Ustad Ghagge Khuda Baksh.
• Agra gharana emphasizes on maintaining the purity of the ragas and is known for its deep and forceful singing.
• This gharana has produced many prominent musicians including Ustad Faiyaz Khan and Ustad Vilayat Hussain Khan.

 Additional Information

• Delhi gharana
  • The Delhi gharana is one of the oldest gharanas of Hindustani classical music.
  • It is known for its unique style of Tabla playing.
  • The founders of this gharana were Ustad Siddhar Khan Dhadi.
• Benaras gharana
  • The Benaras gharana is famous for its style of Tabla playing and Thumri singing.
  • It was established by Pt. Ram Sahai in the 18th century.
  • The gharana is named after the city of Varanasi (Benaras).
• Gwalior gharana
  • The Gwalior gharana is the oldest Khayal gharana in Hindustani classical music.
  • It was founded by Ustad Nathan Pir Bakhsh in the 19th century.
  • The gharana is known for its emphasis on clarity of notes and a systematic development of the Raga.

The correct answer is Kayang.

Key Points

• Kayang is a traditional dance performed in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh.
• It is typically performed by women adorned with silver jewelry and colorful traditional attire.
• The dance is usually performed during festivals and special occasions.
• Kayang dance movements are graceful and synchronized, often accompanied by traditional music and songs.
• This dance form reflects the rich cultural heritage and traditions of the Kinnaur district.

Additional Information

• Kinnaur District:
  • Kinnaur is one of the twelve administrative districts in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
  • It is known for its scenic beauty, rich culture, and apple orchards.
  • The district is located in the northeastern part of Himachal Pradesh, bordering Tibet.
• Traditional Attire:
  • Women in Kinnaur traditionally wear a distinctive attire that includes a woolen dress called 'Dohru' and silver jewelry.
  • Men typically wear woolen coats and caps known as 'Thepang'.
• Festivals in Kinnaur:
  • Phulaich Festival: A flower festival celebrated in September, marking the harvest season.
  • Lavi Fair: Held in Rampur, it is one of the oldest trade fairs in the region.
• Other Traditional Dances:
  • Buran: Another dance form practiced in the Kinnaur district.
  • Chhanak Chham: A dance performed by the Buddhist Lamas during religious festivals.

The correct answer is Thumri.

Key Points

• Thumri is a classical music style that is known for its light, romantic, and devotional themes.
• It originated in the courts of Nawabs in the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly in the regions of Awadh.
• Himachal Pradesh folk tunes have been significantly influenced by Thumri, incorporating its melodic and lyrical elements.
• Thumri is characterized by its expressive and improvisational nature, which resonates with the emotional depth found in Himachali folk music.
• Artists like Begum Akhtar and Girija Devi have been prominent exponents of Thumri, contributing to its popularity and integration into various regional music styles.

Additional Information

• Dhrupad
  • Dhrupad is one of the oldest forms of classical music in India, emphasizing strict adherence to rhythmic cycles and melodic patterns.
  • It is known for its spiritual and meditative qualities, often used in temple rituals.
• Tappa
  • Tappa is a semi-classical vocal form originating from the Punjab region, characterized by rapid and intricate note patterns.
  • It is often associated with the lively and expressive aspects of folk music.
• Bhajan
  • Bhajan is a devotional song form, often dedicated to gods and goddesses, and is widely sung in religious ceremonies.
  • It is known for its simple, lyrical, and repetitive nature, making it accessible to the general public.
• Classical Music Influence
  • Classical music has profoundly influenced various regional folk tunes in India, bringing a structured melodic and rhythmic framework.
  • Such influences help preserve the richness and diversity of India's musical heritage.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Bhavageethe is a form of expressive poetry and light music that is highly popular in the state of Karnataka.
• The genre typically involves the rendition of poems written by prominent Kannada poets, set to music.
• It is a unique blend of traditional and classical elements, creating a distinct style of folk music.
• The themes of Bhavageethe often revolve around love, nature, and philosophical musings, deeply rooted in Kannada culture.

Additional Information

• Prominent Poets:
  • Kuvempu (Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa) - Renowned Kannada poet whose works are often used in Bhavageethe.
  • D. R. Bendre - Another celebrated poet whose poems are a popular choice for Bhavageethe compositions.
• Musical Instruments:
  • Traditional instruments like harmonium, tabla, and sitar are commonly used in Bhavageethe performances.
• Performance Style:
  • Bhavageethe is typically performed in a solo singing style, with the singer expressing deep emotions through their voice.
• Modern Influence:
  • In contemporary times, Bhavageethe has seen a fusion with modern musical elements, making it more appealing to the younger generation.