What is the main focus of the Sangam anthologies, Purananuru and Patirruppattu, from the Ettuttokai collection?

The correct answer is Heroism and praises of kings and their deeds.

Key Points

• Purananuru and Patirruppattu are part of the Sangam literature's Ettuttokai collection, which predominantly focuses on the external (puram) aspects of life.
• The primary theme of these anthologies is heroism, with a significant emphasis on praising the valor and deeds of Tamil kings, chieftains, and warriors.
• Purananuru, in particular, provides a vivid account of the political landscape, battles, and the ideals of kingship in ancient Tamil society.
• Patirruppattu is a series of ten poems that specifically extol the virtues and exploits of the Chera kings, one of the prominent dynasties of Tamilakam.
• These works serve as a historical record, offering insight into the socio-political and military aspects of early Tamil civilization.

Additional Information

• Sangam Literature: Sangam literature is a body of ancient Tamil texts composed between 300 BCE and 300 CE, divided into two categories: Aham (love and personal life) and Puram (public life, heroism, and war).
• Ettuttokai: Ettuttokai, meaning "Eight Anthologies," is one of the two major collections of Sangam literature. It includes works like Purananuru, Patirruppattu, and others.
• Puram Concept: The Puram genre focuses on themes like valor, philanthropy, ethics of war, and the life of warriors and kings, contrasting with the Aham genre, which deals with love and emotions.
• Historical Significance: These texts are invaluable for understanding the political structures, cultural practices, and military traditions of ancient Tamilakam (modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala).
• Key Dynasties: The Sangam works frequently mention three major Tamil dynasties: the Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas, highlighting their contributions to warfare, governance, and culture.