Home Science MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Home Science - Download Free PDF

The Correct answer is Reduce overeating.

Key Points

• Drinking water before meals is a common practice in mindful eating, which helps individuals become more conscious of their eating habits.
• When water is consumed before meals, it creates a feeling of fullness, reducing the likelihood of overeating during the meal.
• This practice is especially beneficial for those trying to manage their weight, as it can help control portion sizes and calorie intake.
• Water acts as a natural appetite suppressant by taking up space in the stomach, signaling the brain that the body is no longer as hungry.
• Research supports that drinking water approximately 30 minutes before meals can significantly reduce the amount of food consumed.
• This approach is aligned with health guidelines for promoting healthy eating habits and preventing overeating-related issues such as obesity.
• Mindful eating, combined with pre-meal hydration, also aids in better digestion and nutrient absorption by preparing the stomach for food intake.

Additional Information

• Increase appetite
  • Drinking water before meals does not increase appetite; rather, it suppresses hunger by making the stomach feel fuller.
  • Increased appetite is typically associated with other factors like physical activity, hormonal changes, or specific dietary deficiencies.
• Slow down digestion
  • Drinking water before meals does not slow down digestion. In fact, it can aid digestion by ensuring the stomach is adequately hydrated, which helps in the smooth movement of food through the digestive tract.
  • Slow digestion is often linked to dietary choices, stress, or medical conditions such as gastroparesis.
• Remove nutrients from food
  • Water does not remove nutrients from food. It helps in the breakdown of food, making nutrients more accessible for absorption during digestion.
  • Nutrient loss typically occurs due to improper cooking methods or food processing, not water consumption.

The correct answer is International Bill of Rights for Women.

Key Points

• CEDAW stands for the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, adopted in 1979 by the United Nations General Assembly.
• CEDAW is often referred to as the International Bill of Rights for Women because it comprehensively addresses gender discrimination and promotes gender equality globally.
• The treaty obliges signatory states to ensure women's equal rights in areas like education, employment, healthcare, marriage, and political participation.
• As of 2023, CEDAW has been ratified by 189 countries, making it one of the most widely endorsed human rights treaties.
• Countries that ratify CEDAW commit to submitting periodic reports to the CEDAW Committee on legislative, judicial, and administrative measures taken to uphold women's rights.

Additional Information

• Key Articles of CEDAW:
  • Article 1: Defines discrimination against women and outlines measures to eliminate it.
  • Article 5: Calls for modifying social and cultural patterns to eradicate prejudices and stereotypes.
  • Article 10: Ensures equal access to education for women and girls.
  • Article 11: Guarantees women's rights in employment, including equal pay and maternity protection.
• CEDAW Optional Protocol:
  • Adopted in 1999, the optional protocol allows individuals or groups to file complaints about violations of rights protected under CEDAW.
  • It also grants the CEDAW Committee authority to conduct inquiries into grave or systematic abuses of women's rights.
• India and CEDAW:
  • India ratified CEDAW in 1993, committing to uphold gender equality and eliminate discrimination against women.
  • Despite ratification, challenges persist in implementing certain provisions due to socio-cultural barriers.
• CEDAW Committee:
  • Composed of 23 independent experts, the committee oversees the implementation of the convention.
  • It reviews periodic reports submitted by states and provides recommendations for improvement.

The correct answer is - Option 1: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

Key Points

• Salt
  • Lowers water activity: Salt works by drawing out moisture from the food, creating an environment where microorganisms cannot thrive, thereby preserving the food.
• Cryogenic Freezing
  • Uses nitrogen at −196°C: This method involves rapid freezing using liquid nitrogen, which significantly reduces the temperature to −196°C, effectively preserving the food by halting microbial activity.
• Pasteurization
  • Inactivates pathogens using mild heat: Pasteurization involves heating food to a specific temperature for a set period of time to kill harmful microorganisms without affecting the quality of the food.
• MAP (Modified Atmosphere Packaging)
  • Alters oxygen and carbon dioxide levels: This packaging technique modifies the composition of gases within the package (reduces oxygen and increases carbon dioxide) to extend the shelf life of the food by slowing down the growth of spoilage organisms and oxidation.

Additional Information

• Food Preservation
  • Food preservation involves preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, as well as retarding the oxidation of fats that cause rancidity.
  • Common methods include canning, freezing, drying, and pickling.
• Water Activity
  • Water activity (aw) is a measure of the availability of water for microbial growth. Lowering aw through salt or sugar addition makes water unavailable to microorganisms.
• Cryogenic Freezing
  • This method is used for high-value products like seafood, where quality retention is crucial. The rapid freezing minimizes the formation of large ice crystals that can damage cellular structures.
• Pasteurization
  • Named after Louis Pasteur, this method is widely used in dairy industry to ensure milk safety.
  • There are different types of pasteurization, including high-temperature short-time (HTST) and ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatments.
• Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)
  • MAP is commonly used for fresh produce, meats, and bakery products.
  • It helps to maintain the texture, flavor, and nutritional value of the food.

The correct answer is - Only I and III

Key Points

• Blanching and Nutrient Loss
  • Blanching, a process of scalding vegetables in boiling water or steam, can cause up to 40% loss of vitamins and minerals. This is due to the thermal degradation and leaching of nutrients into the water.
• IQB Technique
  • The IQB (Improved Quick Blanching) technique is known to improve nutrient retention during the blanching process, reducing the loss of essential vitamins and minerals.

Additional Information

• Steam Blanching vs. Hot Water Blanching
  • Contrary to Statement II, steam blanching generally results in less nutrient leaching compared to hot water blanching because it minimizes contact with water, thereby reducing the loss of water-soluble vitamins and minerals.
• Importance of Blanching
  • Blanching is crucial for preserving the color, texture, and flavor of vegetables.
  • It also helps in inactivating enzymes that can cause spoilage during storage.
• Nutrient Retention Strategies
  • Using minimal blanching time and immediate cooling in ice water can help retain nutrients.
  • Choosing the right blanching method based on the type of vegetable is also essential for optimal nutrient preservation.

The correct answer is Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.

Key Points

• CEDAW stands for Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1979.
• It is often referred to as the International Bill of Rights for Women, aimed at promoting gender equality globally.
• CEDAW requires signatory nations to eliminate discrimination against women in all forms, including political, social, economic, and cultural spheres.
• Countries that ratify CEDAW are legally bound to ensure equal opportunities and rights for women by implementing the provisions outlined in the convention.
• CEDAW also establishes the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, which monitors the progress of nations in implementing the convention.

Additional Information

• Key Provisions of CEDAW:
  • Ensuring women’s rights to vote, hold public office, and participate in public life.
  • Eliminating discrimination in education, employment, healthcare, and marriage rights.
  • Preventing gender-based violence and trafficking of women.
• CEDAW Adoption and Ratification:
  • CEDAW was adopted on 18 December 1979 by the United Nations General Assembly.
  • It came into force on 3 September 1981 after being ratified by 20 countries.
  • As of today, 189 countries are parties to CEDAW.
• India’s Role:
  • India ratified CEDAW on 9 July 1993, committing to eliminate discrimination against women.
  • India introduced several policies and laws, including the Domestic Violence Act (2005) and Maternity Benefit Act (2017), to align with CEDAW principles.
• Challenges in Implementation:
  • Many countries face cultural, social, and political barriers in fully implementing CEDAW provisions.
  • The monitoring committee often highlights gaps in enforcement and recommends reforms.

The correct answer is Legal Right.

Key Points

• Legal rights are the rights that exist under the rules of legal systems or by virtue of decisions of suitably authoritative bodies within them.
• Protection of women from Domestic Violence is a legal right because it is recognized by the 'The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005'.
• Protection of women from Domestic Violence is neither provided in the chapter of fundamental rights in the constitution nor it is provided as a Constitutional Right.

Important Points

• The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
  •  The Act, in a bold break from prior legislation, gives a very expansive definition to the term domestic violence, a term hitherto not even used in legal parlance. 
  • Domestic violence is defined in a comprehensive way in the Act, comprising physical, mental, verbal, emotional, sexual, and economic abuse, harassment for dowry, acts of threatening to abuse the victim or any other person related to her.
  • An important addition to the law ensures that an aggrieved wife, who takes recourse to the law, cannot be harassed for doing so.
  • A woman who is the victim of domestic violence will have the right to the services of the police, shelter homes, and medical establishments.
  • She also has the right to simultaneously file her own complaint under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.
  • The Act is an extremely progressive one not only because it recognizes women who are in a live-in relationship but also extends protection to other women in the household, including sisters and mothers thus the Act includes relations of consanguinity, 

The correct answer is - Option 4: C, E, A, B, D

Key Points

• Correct Sequence
  • The correct sequence of Kohlberg's stages of moral understanding is: Punishment and obedient orientation, Instrumental purpose orientation, Good boy - good girl orientation, Social-order maintaining orientation, and Social contract orientation.
  • This sequence reflects the progression from understanding morality based on direct consequences to understanding societal rules and finally to abstract reasoning about principles.

Additional Information

• Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development
  • Punishment and obedient orientation
    • This is the first stage where moral reasoning is based on avoiding punishment and obeying authority.
  • Instrumental purpose orientation
    • The second stage where individuals consider the benefits to themselves, following rules when it is in their interest.
  • Good boy - good girl orientation
    • In the third stage, individuals are concerned with maintaining relationships and gaining social approval.
  • Social-order maintaining orientation
    • In the fourth stage, the focus is on obeying laws and maintaining social order.
  • Social contract orientation
    • This is the fifth stage where individuals understand that laws are social contracts that can be changed for the greater good.

The correct answer is 'Crying, Sucking the edge of a blanket, Pick-me-up gesture.'

Key Points

• The passage describes that when infants are in an avoidance arousal state, they may exhibit behaviors such as crying, 'pick-me-up' gesturing, or sucking an object like a pacifier or the edge of a blanket. 
• In response to an angry face of a parent, which would generate an avoidance response, a newborn child is not likely to respond with a smiling face, as this would be more associated with an approach response to a pleasant stimulus.
• The passage states: "In an avoidance arousal state the infant will exhibit behaviours designed to provoke a change in the parent's behavior such as crying and 'pick-me-up' gesturing or sucking an object such as a pacifier or the edge of a blanket."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

• An integrative approach which is also known as integrative therapy  is mainly a type of therapy in which all the domains like affective, behavioral, cognitive, physical, social, and spiritual aspects of an individual aspects  are used in their treatment. Hence Option 1 is the Correct Answer for the above Question.

​Types of Integrative approach

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy: This is an approach that focuses on changing the thinking pattern of people which mainly includes the way how they think. 
• Psychodynamic therapy: This mainly incorporates psychoanalytic techniques to help and individual to understand that of the unconscious forces and motivations that affect their behavior and current functioning. This approach is also known as psychoanalytical approach.
• Humanistic therapy: It mainly focuses on helping people to achieve their full potential and better understanding of things that will help make them happier.
• Mindfulness: It is a technique mainly used in learning to focus on the present moment rather than worrying about the past or fretting about the future.

Additional Information

•  Bowen theory is mainly related to human behavior which says that the family is an emotional unit and uses systems thinking to describe the unit's complex interactions. It is the nature of a family and its members are very closely connected to each other.
• Structural approach is mainly used in study of language that emphasizes the examination of language in very detailed manner. 

Counselling refers to the process which gives importance to recognize the root of the counsellee's problems to help them with proper guidance.

Key Points The above-mentioned characteristic is related to the 'non-directive' counselling which was proposed by American humanistic psychologist 'Carl Rogers' in 1940.

Non-directive counselling, also known as client/person-centred counselling is a type of counselling in which:

• primacy is given to counsellee's needs, problems, and behaviour.
• strong personal relationship is established between counsellor and counsellee.
• opportunities are provided to counsellees to create positive changes for themselves.
• counsellees are emphasized to realize and resolve their problems with counsellor's help.

Hence, it could be concluded that 'non-directive' counselling is a type of counselling in which counsellee can find out the solution for his problem by analysing it with the help of counsellor.

Additional Information 

Directive Counselling	It refers to a type of counselling in which counsellor plays an important role and prescribes a course of action to deal with the counsellee's problems.
Eclectic Counselling	It refers to a type of counselling that uses a combination of different counselling methods to deal with counsellee's problems.

Learning may be defined as “any relatively permanent change in behaviour or behavioural potential produced by experience”. Learning is not a mere addition to the knowledge or acquisition of facts and skills through drill and repetition. It involves reorganization of experience.

Key Points 

Factors affecting learning:

• Physiological Factors-
  • Among the organic factors considered to cause learning problems are genetics, brain injury. biochemical imbalances, intake of toxic substances like lead, oxygen deprivation, infectious diseases, drug intoxication, malnutrition and congenital defects. While considering these as factors influencing learning, it may be mentioned that attempts to correlate specific physiological factors with learning problems are not successful. 
  • Unless the body is physiologically mature and ready, academic learning cannot take place. 
• Psychological Factors-
  • Several psychological factors such as intelligence, personality, attitude, interest, and aptitude have considerable influence on the learning of a child.
• Socio-emotional Factors-
  • The family the child belongs to has a considerable influence on the learning. Family factors such as child-rearing practices, reward and punishment, the scope for freedom and independence in activities, play and study facilities, the ambitiousness of the parents, disorganization and discord among members, degree of maturity expected of the boy or the girl child, birth position such as eldest, youngest or single child have their definite influence on learning. 
  • Working mothers who also experience marital discord are not only physically absent from their children, they are also emotionally absent. Learner from such a home is usually found self-absorbed and inattentive. 

Thus from above-mentioned points, it is clear that the physical and emotional health of children plays an important role in their learning. 

Concept:-

• Extended family: Joint family, family in which members of a unilineal descent group (a group in which descent through either the female or the male line is emphasized) live together with their spouses and offspring in one homestead and under the authority of one of the members.
• Nuclear Family: A nuclear family consists of only one set of parents and their children.
  • An extended family (commonly known as the ‘joint family’) can take different forms, but has more than one couple, and often more than two generations, living together

Key Points 

As per the question:

• The definition of a family is incorrect: Both the definition is explained by the teacher in the question is correct
• Rama is insensitive towards her students.​: Rama is not insensitive towards her students because he is explaining the concept of family by taking examples of family members.

The correct answer is - One Seventh

Key Points

• One Seventh
  • The depth of 'Swag' in the centre should be one seventh of the distance between the top of the frame and the floor.
  • This measurement ensures the curtains hang properly and provide an aesthetically pleasing look.
  • Correct curtain depth is crucial for both functionality and visual appeal.

Additional Information

• Swag Curtains
  • Swag curtains are often used to add a decorative touch to windows.
  • They typically have a draped effect and may be used alone or with other types of curtains.
  • Proper measurement and installation are key to achieving the desired look.
• Cascade Curtains
  • Cascade curtains feature a cascading effect that adds elegance to the window treatment.
  • They can be used in combination with swag curtains for a layered look.
  • Understanding the proper depth and placement helps in achieving a harmonious design.
• Measuring Curtains
  • Accurate measurements are essential for purchasing and installing curtains.
  • Measure the distance from the top of the frame to the floor to determine the appropriate curtain length and depth.
  • Consider the style and fabric weight when determining curtain dimensions.

The World Bank has identified 30 permanent toxic chemicals that pose significant risks to human health and the environment. These chemicals are known for their persistence in the environment, their ability to bioaccumulate in living organisms, and their potential to cause adverse health effects. Efforts to regulate and mitigate the impact of these toxic substances have become a global priority. The identification and management of these chemicals are crucial for safeguarding public health and promoting sustainable development. Addressing the challenges posed by these toxic chemicals requires international cooperation and stringent regulatory frameworks to ensure effective control and reduction of their presence in the environment.

The correct answer is - Option 2: A, B, and C Only

Key Points

• Non-parametric tests
  • These tests do not assume a specific distribution for the data.
  • They are used when the data does not meet the assumptions required for parametric tests.
• Mann Whitney U test
  • Also known as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
  • Used to compare differences between two independent groups.
• Sign test
  • Used to test the consistency of differences between pairs of observations.
  • Often applied to matched pairs data.
• Kruskal-Wallis H test
  • Used to compare three or more independent groups.
  • It is an extension of the Mann Whitney U test for more than two groups.

Additional Information

• Parametric tests
  • These tests assume the data follows a certain distribution, typically normal distribution.
  • Examples include the t-test and ANOVA.
• t test
  • Used to compare the means of two groups.
  • Assumes the data is normally distributed.
• ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
  • Used to compare the means of three or more groups.
  • Assumes the data is normally distributed and the variances are equal.
• Choosing the right test
  • When data does not meet parametric assumptions, non-parametric tests are preferred.
  • Understanding the characteristics of the data is crucial for selecting the appropriate test.